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Social Studies > Final 150 Part 2 > Flashcards

Final 150 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Election of 1800

A

-John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson
-Two candidates had 73 electoral votes: Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
The election was decided by the House of Representatives
-the 12th amendment set the requirements for presidential elections by stating that electoral votes went to one candidate

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2
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

France sold the territory for $15 million and it doubled the size of the US. A group of federalists threatened to secede from the Union over the purchase

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3
Q

Lewis and Clark Expedition

A

Sacagawea helped talk to chiefs and give the impression that this was a peaceful mission. They followed the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean. They inspired people to go west and settle by sparking a sense of adventure

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4
Q

Impressment and the attack of the Chesapeake

A
  • The British impressed thousands of Native Us citizens
  • Impressment- the act of forcing Americans to serve in the British Navy
  • The US ship the Chesapeake was intercepted by a British vessel demanding to search for dissenters
  • America tries to cut off trade with Great Britain with the Embargo Act that cut off trade with the rest of the world, but it just hurt their own economy
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5
Q

War Hawks from the War of 1812

A

People who pushed for war with Great Britain such as Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun

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6
Q

War of 1812 – DC burned, Fort McHenry, Battle of New Orleans

A
  • The impressment of soldiers and attack on the Chesapeake are the causes of the war of 1812
  • the British attack Fort McHenry- the fort at the entrance to Baltimore Harbor
  • the British forces marched into DC and burned the Capitol and president’s mansion down
  • the Battle of New Orleans took place after the treaty was signed and the Battle was a victory for the US and made Andrew Jackson a household name
  • The treaty of Ghent ended the war of 1812
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7
Q

The Star Spangled Banner

A

Written after the attack at Fort McHenry by Francis Scott Key

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8
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A
  • The Western Hemisphere was no longer open for colonization
  • the United States would regard any interference in Western Hemispheric affairs as a threat to its security
  • this was put in place due to many Latin American nations gaining independence from Spain at this time
  • the Monroe doctrine became an important part of American foreign policy instantly
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9
Q

Irish Potato Famine’s relationship to Immigration

A

There was a shortage of potatoes in Ireland which caused them to immigrate to America

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10
Q

Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s convention

A

Was the first women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York and was over women’s suffrage

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11
Q

Industrial Revolution

A
  • The change from an agrarian society to one based on industry
  • began in New England
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12
Q

Capitalism

A

Individuals put their Capitol into a business in hopes of making a profit
Capital- money used for the investment

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13
Q

Free Enterprise System

A

People are free to buy, sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish
Price/cost is set by supply and demand in a free enterprise system

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14
Q

Number One Crop in the South in the 1800’s

A

Cotton

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15
Q

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin – what it did and why that was important

A

It quickly and easily removed the seeds from picked cotton and allowed a huge increase in cotton production

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16
Q

Urban vs Rural

A

Urban=city

Rural=country

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17
Q

Wilderness Road

A

The wilderness road was the route to Kentucky from the Atlantic coast
It aided the early exploration of Tennessee because it made passing through the mountains easier and opened the door for more settlement

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18
Q

Daniel Boone

A

Daniel Boone and 30 skilled foresters blazed the trail that became the Wilderness Road.

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19
Q

Supply and demand

A

What price and cost is set by in a free enterprise system

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20
Q

Cumberland gap

A

Allowed for a path to be created that made passing through the Appalachian mountains easier

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21
Q

The corrupt bargain

A

The speaker of the HoR, Henry Clay meets with John Quincy Adams and agrees to use his influence to help Adams get the vote in the HoR. John Quincy Adams wins the election.

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22
Q

Andrew Jackson – spoils system, fight with the bank

A

Spoils system-the practice of replacing gov. Employees with the winning candidates supporters. Fight with the bank- Jackson tried to kill out the bank by drawing all federal funds from the national bank and placing them in smaller banks, causing a depression

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23
Q

Indian removal act

A

Act passed by congress to relocate Native Americans

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24
Q

Trail of tears

A

Relocation and movement of Cherokee from Georgia to Oklahoma

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25
Q

Sequoyah

A

Creating the written Cherokee alphabet

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26
Q

William Henry Harrison’s Presidency

A

Shortest presidency, 32 days, first Whig president

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27
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

Belief that America should extend its boundaries all the way to the Pacific Ocean

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28
Q

Texas Rebellion

A

Over Texas independence

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29
Q

The Alamo – battle significance

A

The defenders of the Alamo bought the Texans some much needed time

30
Q

Davy Crockett

A

Backwoodsman from TN who volunteered to fight at the Alamo

31
Q

Oregon Trail

A

The Oregon trail was used by settlers migrating to the Pacific Northwest

32
Q

James K Polk – President that fulfilled what?

A
  • Dark horse candidate-unexpected winner
  • “young hickory”
  • firm believer in Manifest destiny and fulfilled manifest destiny
33
Q

Mexican War – Border dispute, Mexican Cession

A

Border dispute- Us believes that Texas border is the Rio Grande River and Mexico believes the border is the nueces river

34
Q

John Sutter and the California Gold Rush

A

John Sutter obtained land in California and was the 1st to discover a gold nugget on his property. The California gold rush more than doubled the worlds supply of gold and had long lasting effects on California’s economy

35
Q

Brigham Young

A

Was the head of the Mormons and led the Mormon migration to the Great salt Lake area of Utah

36
Q

The Missouri Compromise of 1820

A
  • Helped preserve the balance between the North and the South
  • the compromise was made to have Maine enter as free and Missouri enter as a slave state
37
Q

John Brown

A

Violent abolitionist that believed God had chosen him to end slavery.

38
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

The most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad

39
Q

Underground Railroad

A

Network of escape routes out of the south for enslaved people

40
Q

Frederick Douglass

A
  • Most well known African Americans abolitionist
  • worked hard to become a powerful speaker with wit and wisdom
  • edited and antislavery newspaper called the “North Star”
  • believed that the injustice of slavery destroyed americas ideals of freedom
  • in 1847 friends helped him purchase his freedom from his original slaveholder
41
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

A best seller novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe which portrayed slavery as a cruel and brutal system

42
Q

Fugitive Slave Act

A

Required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves in 1850. Anyone who aided a fugitive slave could be fined or imprisoned

43
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

Increased the amount of territory open to slave holding in the U.S.

44
Q

Bleeding Kansas

A

Kansas became the first territory to shed blood in a Civil War over slavery

45
Q

Sumner-Brooks Incident

A

-Senator Charles sumner lashed out against those for slavery, including Andrew P. Butler

46
Q

Raid on Harper’s Ferry

A
  • John Brown led 18 men on a raid to attack a weapon storage facility
  • he hoped to start a rebellion against slaveholders by arming slaves, but he and his men were quickly defeated
  • Brown was executed of treason and his death became a rallying point for abolitionists
47
Q

Dred Scott v Sandford

A

A slave v. His owner, the dread Scott case divided the nation even more

48
Q

Lincoln-Douglass debates – House Divided Speech

A

Douglas won with a narrow victory, even though Lincoln lost, he gained a positive national reputation that would eventually lead him to the White House

49
Q

Election of 1860

A

Lincoln won, promised to not disturb slavery where it had already existed, but many southerners didn’t believe him

50
Q

Causes of the Civil War

A

To reunite the country

51
Q

Fort Sumter

A

The beginning of the Civil War

52
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

Lead the Union, 18th president

53
Q

Robert E. Lee

A

Led the confederate army

54
Q

Stonewall Jackson

A

Considered one of the most gifted tactical commanders in US history, confederate troops were inspired by him

55
Q

First battle Bull Run

A

First major battle of the Civil War

56
Q

Anaconda plan

A

Union War plan to defeat the south by dividing them in two

57
Q

54th Massachusetts

A

Most well known African American regiment in the Civil War

58
Q

The Battle of Gettysburg

A

Union forces are greatly outnumbered and forced to retreat, after two days of unsuccessful assaults Lee plans an attack that he hoped would create a panic and destroy he army, lead by George Pickett, known as Pickett’s charge

59
Q

The Battle of Vicksburg

A

Turning point of the war, along with Gettysburg

60
Q

Shermans march to the sea

A

General William Tecumseh Sherman lead the western army towards Atlanta, after burning Atlanta,Sherman’s army began their historic march to the sea towards savannah Georgia

61
Q

Lee surrendering to grant

A

Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House

62
Q

13th amendment

A

Abolished slavery

63
Q

14th amendment

A

Gave full citizenship to anyone born in the US including African Americans

64
Q

15th amendment

A

Gave African American men the right to vote

65
Q

Lincoln assassination- theater name, murderer, place of death

A

Ford’s theater , john Wilkes booth, Peterson House

66
Q

10 percent plan and radical republican plans for reconstruction

A

10% plan forgiving on the south

Radical republicans wanted a harsher readmission process

67
Q

Freedman’s bureau

A

agency that helped African Americans make the transition from freedom

68
Q

Segregation

A

Separation of races

69
Q

Jim Crow laws

A

laws that required African Americans and whites to be separated in almost every public place

70
Q

Ku Klux Klan

A

Largest anti African American terrorist group in the south

Social Studies (13 decks)

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