The subjunctive in adverbial clauses

Question 1

so that, in order

Answer 1

para que

requires subjunctive

Question 2

provided that, as long as

Answer 2

con tal (de) que
requires subjunctive

Question 3

as soon as

Answer 3

tan pronto como

does not require subjunctive

Question 4

after

Answer 4

despues (de) que

does not require subjunctive

Question 5

as long as

Answer 5

siempre que

does not require subjunctive

Question 6

unless

Answer 6

a menos que

requires subjunctive

Question 7

until

Answer 7

hasta que

does not require subjunctive

Question 8

When to use the indicative

Answer 8

If the action in the main clause has already happened, or happens habitually, then the indicative is used

Question 9

despite

Answer 9

a pesar de que

does not require subjunctive

Question 10

without, unless

Answer 10

sin que

requires subjunctive

Question 11

although; even if

Answer 11

aunque

does not require subjunctive

Question 12

before

Answer 12

antes (de) que

requires subjunctive

Question 13

after

Answer 13

luego (de) que

does not require subjunctive

Question 14

while

Answer 14

mientras que

does not require subjunctive

Question 15

Conjunctions that require the subjunctive

Answer 15

en caso de que
Sin que
Cont tal de que
A menos de que
Para que
Antes de que

Question 16

as soon as

Answer 16

en cuanto

does not require subjunctive

Question 17

in case

Answer 17

en caso (de) que
requires subjunctive

Question 18

when

Answer 18

cuando

does not require subjunctive

Question 19

When can one use the infinitive?

Answer 19

• If there is no change of the subject, always use infinitive after “para” and “sin” and drop the “que”
• Infinitive is optional if there is no change of subject after the prepositions “antes de”, “con tal de”, and “en caso de”
• When there is no change of subjunctive after “a pesar de”, “despues de”, and “hasta”, the infinitive can be used insterad of “que + [subjuntivo]”

Question 20

When to use the subjunctive

Answer 20

If the action in the main clause has not yet ocurred, then the subjunctive is used after times of time or concession