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Neuro Merchut > Headache > Flashcards

Headache Flashcards

1
Q

throbbing, pounding, pulsatile headache

A

vascular headache

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2
Q

gender w/ migraines more often and predisposing factor

A

women - hormonal changes during menstrual cycle

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3
Q

classical migraine

A

migraine w/ aura

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4
Q

common migraine

A

migraine w/out aura

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5
Q

wave of depol over focal areas of cerebral cortex

A

aura of a migraine

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6
Q

manifestation of visual aura

A

flashing, flickering, scintillating lines or dots that spreads thru visual field

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7
Q

patch of blindness

A

scotoma

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8
Q

fortification phenomenon

A

visual aura w/ flashing lights in zig zag pattern

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9
Q

cause of flashing lights and scotoma

A

depol of occipital visual cortex

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10
Q

has dramatic frightening sxs w/ HA and mimic acute stroke

A

complicated migraine

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11
Q

sxs of complicated migraine

A

may be hemiplegia, opthalmoplegia, or CN3 palsy

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12
Q

unilateral periorbital pain +/- Horner’s

A

cluster HA (may have nasal discharge or congestion)

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13
Q

early cause of migraine

A

spreading wave of cortical depol

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14
Q

area affected when N/V and photophobia occur

A

trigeminal afferent’s that transmit impulses to brainstem and hypothalamus

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15
Q

red flags of HA

A

progressively worsen, focal neuro deficits, or is accompanied by seizures or cognitive/behavioral changes

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16
Q

preferable brain scan for HA (if needed)

A

MRI

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17
Q

triptans are used for

A

migraine abortion

18
Q

2 meds for migraine abortion

A

triptans and dihydroergotamine

19
Q

effect of OCPs on migraine

A

help prevent it

20
Q

inc risk of ___ in women w/ migraine w/ aura, especially if they are ____

A

stroke

smokers > 35 y/o

21
Q

prophylactic drugs for migraines

A 
beta blockers (propanolol)
Ca channel blockers (verapamil)
TCAs (amitryptiline)
anticonvulsants (valproate, gabapentin, and topiramate)
22
Q

MOA for migraine prophylaxis and abortion

A

effect 5HT receptors

23
Q

Patients with frequent ____ headaches often have

several chronic psychosocial stresses

A

tension

24
Q

amitriptyline can be used for

A

migraines, tension HA

25
Q

stopping butalbital (barbiturate) after using it for a while can give

A

rebound HA

26
Q

HA after LP

A

traction headache

27
Q

traction HA are worse when? better when?

A

are positional
worse w/ sitting/standing
better w/ laying down

28
Q

cause of traction HA

A

CSF leak

29
Q

traction HA tx

A

epidural blood patch (inject person’s own blood into epidural space)

30
Q

throbbing HA w/ N/V in obese people w/ papilledema

A

IIH (pseudotumor cerebri)

31
Q

removal of CSF is used to treat

A

IIH (pseudotumor cerebri)

32
Q

long term tx for IIH (pseudotumor cerebri)

A

acetazolamide, surgical shunt, weight loss

33
Q

HA in elderly w/ sore jaw muscles, stiff shoulder/hip muscles, low grade fever or high ESR

A

temporal arteritis

34
Q

confirmatory test for temporal arteritis

A

biopsy

35
Q

tx for temporal arteritis

A

corticosteroids - give immediately to prevent blindness from involvement of opthalmic a.

36
Q

sudden, brief, repeated, lightning jabs of pain provoked by talking/chewing

A

trigeminal neuralgia

37
Q

HA with meningeal signs and fever

A

menigitis

38
Q

HA with meningeal signs but no fever

A

SAH

39
Q

inc intracranial pressure gives

A

N/V, intermittent dimming of vision

40
Q

reason to do brain imaging before LP in someone w/ papilledema

A

avoid brain stem herniation

41
Q

reason there’s no herniation w/ LP for pseudotumor cerebri

A

Intracranial pressure is diffusely inc, compared to the asymmetrical or uneven pressure gradient from an intracranial mass

42
Q

scintillating scotoma

A

visual aura

Neuro Merchut (18 decks)

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