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Church In England- 1529 to 1570 > Henry > Flashcards

Henry Flashcards

1
Q

Henry and Anne secretly marry

A

1532

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2
Q

Act of Attainder Against Wolsey

A

October 1529

  • Due to failure achieve annulment in Blackfriars
  • Forced to go to York were he remained Archbishop
  • Henry removes all of Wolsey’s property Whitehall and Hampton Court
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3
Q

Thomas Cromwell appointed Principle Secretary

A

April 1534

  • Put him centre in issues that revolved around the king
  • Made him more powerful and that Henry had put faith in his abilities
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4
Q

Cromwell appointed Lord Privy Seal

A

July 1536

  • Had control over Henry’s personal seal
  • Other holders were William Paget and Thomas Boleyn (Anne’s dad)
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5
Q

Cranmer declares Anne and Henry’s marriage legal

A

May 1533

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6
Q

Cromwell appoint Vicegerent - In charge of spirituals

A

Jan 1535

  • Made him deputy head of the church (according to Ives)
  • Working with taking back the wealth of the church and has control of Act of six Articles/English Bible
  • Works very closely with Cranmer
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7
Q

Act to Remove Benefit of the Clergy

A

1529

-Benefit of Clergy= tried in the church courts instead of King’s church and could use Neck verses to escape

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8
Q

Submission of the Clergy

A

1531-1534

  • Action taken against the clergy for appealing to power outside of the realm (praemunire)
  • Henry would remove the charges if the Church gave £100,000 and gave him the title “Supreme head of the church in England”
  • Clergy weakened by Wolsey’s fall= used as a get out clause
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9
Q

Supplication against the ordinaries

A

Presented to Henry in March 1532 but not agreed until May
-Henry makes a famous speech trying to persuade parliament in March 1532
-Chapuys Imperial Ambassador “Churchmen will be less of account than shoemakers”
Result of grievances against the clergy:
-Being paid more than the laity (Found by Edward Hall)
-Payment of mortuary fees
-Number of Holy days
-Clergy wouldn’t make any laws without consulting the King

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10
Q

Act to remove Annates

A

1532

  • Annates= Church’s biggest revenue= Fraction of income paid the first year of being a bishop
  • Not a large sum but highly criticised in parliament
  • Not originally supported by all but gained support once Henry got involved
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11
Q

Death of Richard Hunne

A

1515

  • Refusal to pay mortary fees of dead son and English bible also found in his house
  • Murder by the church and was an lawyer = Made MPS feel scared about the power the church had as many of them were lawyers
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12
Q

Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury

A

1532

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13
Q

More tried for treason for refusing to take the Act of Succession

A

July 1535

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14
Q

More and Fisher executed

A

1535

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15
Q

Katherine dismissed from court

A

1531

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16
Q

Death of Cardinal Wolsey

A

November 1530

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17
Q

A supplication of the beggars published

A

1530

  • Written by Simon Fish and was handed out as pamphlets
  • Criticised Henry for not taking more power of the Church
  • Introduced to Henry by Anne
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18
Q

Act Abolishing Peter’s Pence

A

1534

-Abolish any further payments to Rome

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19
Q

Pope Clement threatens Henry with excommunication

A

1531

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20
Q

Thomas More resigns as chancellor

A

1532

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21
Q

Parliament opens for a second sitting

A

1531

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22
Q

Releasing to money had by way of loan

A

One of first acts passed

  • Cancelled any debts Henry had with members of Parliament
  • Ruined Wolsey’s supporters= Supported by lord’s temporial
  • Allowed parliament to pass Act against mortuary fees and probate fees
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23
Q

Marriage to Catherine Parr

A

1543

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24
Q

Death of Henry

A

1547

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25
Q

Earl of Surrey executed

A

1547

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26
Q

Fall and execution of Cromwell

A

1540

  • Cromwell arrested criticism of the reformist fraction, failure to annul marriage with Anne of Cleves and his actions regarding a heretical group in Calais
  • Brought to an end of a government run by a single minster, although no attempt to remove all of Cromwell’s placemen from Privy Council
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27
Q

Henry marries Anne of Cleves and marriage annulled

A

1540

28
Q

Marriage to Katherine Howard

A

1540

29
Q

Bigod Rebellion

A

January 1537

  • Francis Bigod tries to take Hull and Scarborough but only gets Beverley
  • Some form of uprisings but Henry reacts harshly= 144 executions including previous leaders of rebellions
30
Q

Birth of Edward

A

1537

31
Q

Death of Jane Seymour

A

1537

32
Q

Anne Boleyn executed

A

1536

33
Q

Henry marries Jane Seymour

A

1536

34
Q

Lincolnshire Uprising

A

August 1536

  • Due to dissolution for the lesser monasteries = Taking down parish churches
  • Local shoemaker Melton led the uprising, to capture the commissioners = eventually had a crowd of 10,000
  • List of articles included end of suppression of religious houses, tax on sheep removed
  • King’s men arrived with Duke of Suffolk and given a pardon. Unrest in the area for 12 days, some people in the area marched under the five wounds of Christ
35
Q

Pilgrimage of Grace- Yorkshire Uprising

A

October 1536

  • Dissolution and also the polices of the King’s government being acted upon. Also worried about acting against religion= marched under 5 wounds of Christ
  • At Pontefract Castle was given to the rebels by Lord Darcy (Key to the North) and where they wrote their demands= Pope head of Church, Mary made legitimate, Cromwell to be punished and abbeys restored.
  • Eventually 30,000 rebels and key figures; Lord Darcy, Archbishop of York and 40 knights
36
Q

First debasement of coinage

A

1544

37
Q

Execution of Anne Askew

A

1546

38
Q

Henry’s last will written

A

1546

39
Q

The Chantries Act

A

1545

-Removed any payments towards prayers being sung for the dead

40
Q

Defeat of the Scots at Solway Moss

A

1542

  • Henry send troops into Scotland after James V failed to come to the progression at York
  • Scots poorly organised even though they sent 16,000 troops, defeated by 3000 English troops= James ‘dies of shame’ in 1543
  • This lead to the Treaty of Greenwich in 1543 which agreed a marriage between Edward and Mary Queen of Scots= part of the rough wooing
41
Q

Conservative fraction plot against Cranmer

A

1543

  • After the conservative tension towards reformers during Cromwell’s fall= Tried to block out his ideas but given another chance with Katherine Howard’s downfall
  • Cranmer discovers her heresy and this leads to the conservative downfall in 1542
42
Q

Publication of the Great Bible

A

1539= written in English!

43
Q

Act of Six Articles

A

1539= used as a defence against heresy but reinstates that Henry wanted to create Catholicism without the Pope

  • Upheld transubstantiation
  • Defended communion with water but not wine
  • forbade clergy to marry
44
Q

Reading of the Bible restricted

A

1543

45
Q

The King’s book

A

1543

  • New revision of the Bishop’s book but entirely written by ‘Henry’ = Much more conservative
  • Emphasis on; seven sacraments, Ten Commandments and Act of Six Articles
46
Q

Cranmer’s Book of Homilies

A

1547

  • Short sermons to accompany The King’s Book
  • Highly conservative
47
Q

The Act of Ten Articles

A

1536

  • Distinctive from Catholic Doctrine= very ambiguous
  • Didn’t name all of the seven sacraments
  • Could be interpreted as the reformist view of the church
  • Justification by faith
  • Rituals to be removed apart from those mentioned in the act
48
Q

Bishop’s Book

A

1537

  • Written when Henry was occupied and was very critical of the book, revoked its use 3 years later
  • Salvation by faith emphasised and no mention of transubstantiation = Arguably could be seen as Lutheran in its views
49
Q

John Lambert executed

A

1537

  • Burned alive because he refused to accept the real presence of Christ and transubstantiation
  • Henry attended the trial himself as he was so strongly against the views
50
Q

Thomas Cromwell joins King’s Council

A

1530 = Privy Council

  • Big deal for Cromwell as he is low born and the rest of the council are noblemen
  • His power causes resentment amongst nobility= especially Duke of Norfolk= MacDulloch
51
Q

Act of Treason comes into force

A

1535

-Heresy for society not to accept Henry as Supreme head/King/marriage with Anne Boleyn

52
Q

Pope draws up Bill of excommunication not doesn’t issue

A

1533

53
Q

Parliament prolonged for first time

A

1529

54
Q

Katherine’s speech at Blackfriars

A

1529

55
Q

Henry gains support from the French to marry Anne

A

1532

56
Q

Tyndale’s ‘Obedience of a Christian Man’ published

A

1528

  • Advocates using the English bible and says that the King should be the head of the church
  • Argues for the divine right of Kings
  • Banned in England although Anne gives the book to Henry
57
Q

Act of Succession

A

1534

  • Made Henry and Katherine’s marriage invalid and Mary illegitimate
  • Made treason is disagree
58
Q

Act of Supremacy

A

1534

  • Didn’t make Henry the head of the church but argued that he “rightly is and ought to be the head of the church”
  • Worded to avoid that authority belonged to God
  • Gave Henry to collect taxes that previously went to Rome
  • Made it treasonable to call the monarch a heretic
59
Q

Henry tells Katherine he’s seeking a divorce

A

1527

60
Q

Anne Boleyn’s coronation

A

1533

61
Q

Birth of Elizabeth

A

1533

62
Q

Katherine of Aragon dies

A

1536

63
Q

Anne miscarries a male child

A

1536

64
Q

Religious Motives behind the Rebellions

A
  • Returning of papal authority
  • Rebellions united behind united symbolism
  • Held communities together in rural and urban areas
  • Tyndale’s Bible= against transubstantiation
65
Q

Social and Economic Motives behind the Rebellions

A
  • Poor harvests in the North 1535-1536 = price rising and food shortages
  • Enclosure= access to the common land was denied= Pilgrimage of Grace
  • Increased rent for some people= Pontefract Articles
  • Repeal of Statue of Uses for those who owned land= Henry attempted to reassert his right to ownership of all the land
66
Q

Political Motives behind the Rebellions

A

-Believed that Henry had been mislead by Cromwell and Richard Rich = Responsible for break with Rome, dissolution of the monasteries

Church In England- 1529 to 1570 (5 decks)

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