2. Social change 1865-1914

Question 1

average number of children
1861
1920

Answer 1

1861 = 5 
1920 = 3

Question 2

why did average number of children decrease?

Answer 2

prosperity
middle class Americans wanted to ensure their children would prosper
women faced having fewer children and looking after them better. expected more of their partners

Question 3

gains in terms of proportion of sexes in education
1870
1920

Answer 3

1870 more boys than girls at school

1820 this more equal with 2/3 of white children of both sexes being educated

Question 4

proportion of high school graduates

1890

Answer 4

more female high school graduates than male

Question 5

what % of university degrees awarded to women by 1920

Answer 5

only 30% of university degrees awarded to women by 1920

Question 6

Growth in education and employment led to

Answer 6

1. women being more confident in participating in public campaigns
2. Led to more cooperation and a considerable expansion of women’s clubs
3. Women writers more numerous

Question 7

In terms of equality of economic opportunity/rewards e.g.

Answer 7

ability to gain access to managerial positions and to enter traditional professions such as medicine and law, to make decisions or to gain political equality = much less progress