Things to know, and ventromedial and lateral systems - brain stem

Question 1

Motor neuron from ventral spinal cord connects with muscles and produces movement

Answer 1

Just memorize that

Question 2

Motor neuron has “thousands” of connections from other neurons

Answer 2

Again, just memorize that

Question 3

At least ___fiber projections from the brain, each probably mediating a different aspect of movement

Answer 3

9

Question 4

Ventromedial - brain stem

Answer 4

• vestibular input from middle ear – balance and posture
• visual input from the superior colliculus – orienting to visual stimuli
• integrated sensory input from reticular activating system – coordinated movements e.g. walking, running, swimming
• except for tracts from the superior colliculus, uncrossed bilateral projections to interneurons in spinal cord
• mediates whole body movements with multiple trunk and proximal muscles
• also projects to eye, face and oral muscles via cranial nerves

Question 5

Re. ventromedial: ___input from___ impacts balance and posture

Answer 5

Vestibular input from middle ear - balance and posture

Question 6

Re. ventromedial: Visual input from the ____ is involved in what?

Answer 6

Visual input from the superior colliculus - orienting to viual stimuli

Question 7

Re. ventromedial: Integrated sensory input from reticular activating systems is involved in

Answer 7

Coordinated movements, e.g., walking, running, swimming

Question 8

Re. ventromedial: except for tracts from the superior colliculus, uncrossed…

Answer 8

bilateral projections to interneurons in spinal cord

Question 9

Re. ventromedial: Mediates whole body movements with multiple…

Answer 9

truck and proximal muscles. Also, projects to eye, face, and oral muscles via crania nerves

Question 10

Lateral system:

Answer 10

• red nucleus
• tracts are crossed
• control individual movements of hands, feet, arms, legs
• collaterals to sensory nuclei suggests it modulates sensory input