Richard, Duke of York Flashcards
Character?
militarily strong and experienced
sense of own importance
How was York humiliated?
double bluffed by king - told he would be given position of Lord protector - asked to send troops home and meet king - Somerset still in position - York effectively captive - forced to kneel before king and pledge allegiance to him and Somerset publicly
When did York’s first protectorate begin?
In what way does York do a decent job in his first protectorate?
began in 1454
stamps out feeds in North
brings some stability
tried to curb noble lawlessness
What happens on Christmas day 1454? What is York’s response to this? What is this battle called? What did York have to do to prove his loyalty to Henry VI after this battle?
Henry wakes up from catatonic trance York stripped of all powers furious - views Somerset as traitor marches towards London - 1st battle in wars of Roses Somerset had king - York attacking King's army Somerset killed first battle of St. Albans York had to re-crown Henry VI
In what year did York’s second protectorate being?
What was York’s downfall during his second protectorate?
when did York resign from his second protectorate?
1455
position = legacy tenuous
starts giving away important positions to allies
What order regarding land did nobles refuse to pass during York’s second protectorate?
order to force nobles to hand some land over to king if he needed more money
Why was Margaret of Anjou hiding in the North? When?
With Margaret of Anjou hiding in the North, what decision does York make? When
What compromise is reached?
What was this compromise called?
York was victorious in the first battle at Northampton in and took Henry prisoner, Buckingham killed and queen and Prince Edward escape - June-July 1460
decides to get parliament to support him in taking the crown, has king captive - October 1460
Agreement that York would become king after death of Henry
Act of Accord
What goes wrong for York when he is pursuing Margaret?
What was the name of this battle?
When did it occur?
only has 6000 troops
massively underestimated support for Margaret - outnumbered 2 to 1
Dec 30th some of him men = attacked - does not wait for reinforcements before retaliating - Margaret’s men capture and kill York - head cut off and displayed with a paper crown on it
Battle of Wakefield
December, 1460
Why was Richard, Duke of York’s death before honey VI a good thing in some ways?
Richard was arrogant and not hugely popular, whereas his son, Edward, was charming and far more suited to being King
Who was Richard Duke of York?
What did this mean before Henry VI had a child?
Henry VI’s cousin
York = possible heir to throne
Where was York for most of the 1440s?
What was his role?
France
chief military commander
How much did York spend (of his own money) on defence of territory in France?
Did the King pay this back?
£38,000
King only paid back a fraction
After being replaced in France by the Duke of Somerset, what role was York given?
lieutenant of Ireland
What did York dod in September 1450?
Returned to England from Ireland and headed to London with an armed force of 3,000 men
What happened in February 1455?
What happened in April 1455?
Fed - York resigns as Protector of the Realm
April - York and his supporters leave the royal court without permission
