#6 Area of damage - definition. Types, elements and characteristics.

Question 1

Definition of Area of Damage, AOD

Answer 1

Area or the territory

=> where the Damaging Factor affects

• > the population
• > environment
• > infrastructure.

The main element of the area of damage
=> is the damaging
factor.

Question 2

How many Elements are there in Area of Damage, AOD?

Answer 2

6 Elements of Area of Damage

Question 3

What is the 1st Element of Area of Damage?

Answer 3

Area has been hit by Damaging Factor, DF

=> Muste Determine Boundaries

Which, depend on:
=> Type of DF
=> Wind Direction
=> Air Temperature
=> Precipitation
=> Other Hazards in AOD

Question 4

What is the 2nd Element of Area of Damage?

Answer 4

Population at Risk

Question 5

What is the 3rd Element of Area of Damage?

Answer 5

Type of
=> Settlements
=> Buildings

Which is an INDICATOR of
=> Exposure
=> Vulnerability of the Population

Question 6

What is the 4th Element of Area of Damage?

Answer 6

=> Potential Exposure
=> Impact of Damaging Factor, DF

ON:

• > Animals
• > Plants

Question 7

What is the 5th Element of Area of Damage?

Answer 7

Environment Affected

=> Polluted Soils
=> Water
=> Air
- Could become DANGEROUS for Population

LEAD to
=> INHALING Toxic chemicals / compounds

Question 8

What is the 6th Element of Area of Damage?

Answer 8

Casualties
=> Type
=> Number
=> Location
=> Severity / Wounding

Question 9

What are the Types of Casualties?

Answer 9

1) Medical Casualties

2) Irreversible Losses

Question 10

What are Medical Casualties?

Answer 10

Those who REQUIRE Medical Aid

DUE to
=> Injuries from impact of DF

Question 11

What are Irreversible Losses?

Answer 11

The Injured who, DO NOT REQUIRE Medical Assistance

DUE to
=> Death under DF impact
=> Missing people
=> Death, whilst receiving medical care

Question 12

How many Types of Area of Damage, are there?

Answer 12

5 Types of Area of Damage

Question 13

What is the 1st Type of Area of Damage?

Answer 13

MECHANICAL AREA OF DAMAGE, MAOD

• Medical losses due to Injury

=> REQUIRE medical aid in FORM of General Surgery

DF’s Cause MAOD:
=> Overpressure
=> Shock
=> Thermal

Question 14

What is the 2nd Type of Area of Damage?

Answer 14

CHEMICAL AREA OF DAMAGE, CAOD

=> Casualties SUFFER from different levels of INTOXICATION

REQUIRE
=> Therapeutic Treatment
=> Specialist aid in Toxicology

Question 15

What is the 3rd Type of Area of Damage?

Answer 15

RADIOLOGICAL AREA OF DAMAGE, RAOD

=> Patients exposed to IR DEVELOP different levels of ACUTE RADIATION SYNDROME

REQUIRE
=> General Therapeutic Help
=> Aid by Specilaists in Haematology

Question 16

What is the 4th Type of Area of Damage?

Answer 16

BIOLOGICAL AREA OF DAMAGE, BAOD

Development of INFECTIOUS DISEASES
=> Affect limited n.o of people in population at risk
=> Can develop as an Epidemic

REQUIRE
=> Specialist in Infectious Diseases
=> Mobilise Epidemiologits

Question 17

What is the 5th Type of Area of Damage?

Answer 17

AREA OF COMBINED DAMAGE, AOCD

Medical Aid NEEDED DUE TO
=> 2 DF’s occurring SIMULTANEOUSLY

Question 18

LOCATION of Forward Medical Stations, FMS at…

RAOD, CAOD, AOCD

Answer 18

Forward Medical Station, FMS is

=> OUTSIDE of Area of Damage, AOD

=> USE of Protective Equipment is MANDATORY!

Very FEW Ambulances equipped, with such equipment
=> Medical teams will be UNPROTECTED
=> Medical teams ENTERING AOD, will become CASUALTY

Question 19

LOCATION of Forward Medical Stations, FMS at…

MAOD

Answer 19

Damaging Factor NOT USUALLY Present
=> DURING start of relief operations

=> IF Present, its at LOW Pa

Forward Medical Stations, FMS can be established INSIDE AOD
=> IF NO imminent threat to Medical Team’s lives

Example:
=> Earthquakes
-> FMS can be in zones of Moderate / Light Destruction

Question 20

LOCATION of Forward Medical Stations, FMS at…

BAOD

Answer 20

Disaster Medical Support, DMS

Occurs in Area of Damage, AOD

=> Risk to Medical Teams
=> IF CASUALTIES Evacuated
=> Enlargement of AOD
=> Med Losses CAN’T be De-Contaminated

Infective Casualties must undergo
=> DEFINITIVE Healing
=> BEFORE being allowed contact with WIDER POPULATION

People in Contact with INFECTED
=> NEED to be closely monitored for
-> development of disease
-> at max.incubation period
-> as they can be DANGEROUS