6. Fallopian tubes

Question 1

Diseases of the Fallopian tubes

Answer 1

1. Infections/inflammatory conditions
   - Suppurative salpingitis
   - Tuberculous salpingitis
   - Actinomycosis (IUCD)
2. Ectopic pregnancy
3. Endometriosis → Salpingitis isthmica nodosa (Fallopian tubes)
4. Cysts
   - Paratubal cysts
   - Hydatids of Morgagni
5. Neoplasm
   a. Benign
   - Adenomatoid tumours
   b. Malignant
   - Adenocarcinoma

Question 2

Common pathogens that result in suppurative salpingitis

Answer 2

1. Chlamydia trachomatis

2. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 3

Definition of hydatids of Morgagni

Answer 3

Small cysts lined by tubal-type epithelium, presumed to arise in remnants of the Mullerian duct

Question 4

Hydrosalpinx

Answer 4

1. A hydrosalpinx is a blocked fallopian tube that is filled with fluid
2. Tubal blockage is usually a result of previous pelvic infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease but can also be caused by endometriosis

Question 5

Pyosalpinx

Answer 5

1. Caused by Chlamydia, Neisseria gonorrhoea, E. coli, Staphylococci, Streptococci
2. Pelvic pain
3. Antibiotics / surgery
4. Infertility

Question 6

Actinomycotic salpingitis

Answer 6

1. A filamentous branched clubbed organism, gram-positive, non-acid fast
2. Increased incidence in IUCD users (up to 36% of cases)
3. Treated with antibiotics

Question 7

Adenomatoid tumour

Answer 7

1. Most common benign tumour of the fallopian tube
2. Usually asymptomatic
3. Invagination of visceral mesothelium
4. Tubular spaces of varying sizes composed of flattened cells

Question 8

Salpingitis isthmica nodosa

Answer 8

1. Uncertain pathogenesis in young women
2. Infertility or ectopic pregnancy
3. Bilateral in 80% of cases with nodular swelling
4. Diverticulae that communicates with lumen cause swellings