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Neuro- Roos P2 > 6] SCI Part 2 > Flashcards

6] SCI Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Damage to central part of cord

A

Central cord syndrome

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2
Q

Central cord syndromes happens with what injuries

A

HYPEREXTENSION injuries

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3
Q

Central cord syndrome is seen with damage to what tracts

A

UE, trunk and LE with sacrum spared

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4
Q

What’s the first thing To go with central cord syndrome

A

Their arms!!

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5
Q

Ipsilateral loss of brown-sequard syndrome

A 
Proprioception
Vibration
2 point discrimination
Fine touch
Stereognosis 
Motor function
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6
Q

Contralateral loss of brow-sequard syndrome

A

Pain and temp

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7
Q

You see anterior cord syndrome with

A

Tear drop or burst fracture

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8
Q

Anterior cord syndrome results in loss of?

A

Bilateral loss of motor function, pain and temp

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9
Q

Anterior cord syndrome has intact

A

Intact proprioception

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10
Q

Cauda equina syndrome is damage where that results in what

A

Damages at L1 or below which results in flaccid paralysis

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11
Q

Conus medullaris is injury where

A

Sacral and lumbar nerve roots

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12
Q

What do you see with conus medullaris syndrome?

A

LE motor and sensory loss

Areflexic bowel and bladder

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13
Q

Neuro level of Asia define

A

Most caudal level that has intact sensation and motor on BOTH sides of the body

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14
Q

Motor level of Asia define

A

Most caudal level with 3/5 strength AND higher levels with 5/5 on both sides of the body

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15
Q

Sensory level of ASIA define

A

Most caudal level with intact sensation on both sides of the body

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16
Q

Used only with complete injuries; most caudal segment with some motor or sensory function

A

Zone of partial preservation

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17
Q

Asia for the trunk

A

No motor assessment; assume motor and sensory at same level

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18
Q

Complete SCI

A

Full loss of sensory and motor function below level of injury including sacral and anal

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19
Q

Incomplete SCI

A

Partial loss of sensory and motor below level of injury with sacral and anal spared

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20
Q

ASIA A

A

Complete motor and sensory loss below level of lesion

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21
Q

ASIA B

A

Incomplete- sensory only

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22
Q

ASIA C

A

More than 50% of KEY muscles below the neuro level have a muscle garden less than 3/5

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23
Q

ASIA D

A

More than 50% of the KEY muscles below neuro level have muscle grade more or = to 3

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24
Q

ASIA E

A

Normal

25
Q

C5 muscles

A

Elbow flexors

Biceps, brachialis

26
Q

C6 muscles

A

Wrist extensors

ECRL and ECRB

27
Q

C7 muscles

A

Elbow extensors

Triceps

28
Q

C8 muscles

A

Finger flexors

Flexor digitorum profundus

29
Q

T1 muscles

A

Small finger abductors

Abductor digiti minimi

30
Q

L2 muscles

A

Hip flexors

Iliopsoas

31
Q

L3 muscles

A

Knee extensors

Quads

32
Q

L4 muscles

A

Ankle DF

Tibialis anterior

33
Q

L5 muscles

A

Long toe extensors

Extensor hallucis longus

34
Q

S1 muscles

A

Ankle PF

Gastro/soleus

35
Q

Examples of SCI functional outcome measures

A 
FIM
SCIM
QIF
WISCI
Wheelchair skills test
FEW
36
Q

◦ Better able to distinguish paraplegia vs. tetraplegia
◦ Items are valid and responsive
◦ Items represent different aspects of mobility &
locomotor function

A

FIM

37
Q

◦ 17 items
◦ Good reliability and validity
◦ Average change pre/post rehab for 114 pts was 5 points (statistically significant)
◦ Scale has some ceiling and floor effects

A

SCIM - spinal cord independence measure

38
Q

Specific to cervical SCI, reliable, validity needs more research

A

QIF - quadriplegia index of function

39
Q

Valid and most clinically useful

A

10 meter walk test

40
Q

◦ 19 point scale that rates walking ability
◦ based on devices used, braces used, assistance required, and distance
◦ Good reliability and construct validity
◦ Most clinically useful with incomplete SCI

A

WISCI - walking index for SCI

41
Q

50 skills, good reliability and construct validity

A

Wheelchair skills test

42
Q

10 items, assesses ability to function in specific w/c

A

FEW - functioning everyday in a wheelchair

43
Q

What are the medical complications of SCI?

A 
Autonomic dysfunction, autonomic dysreflexia,
Respiratory complications 
Skin compromise
DVT
UTI complications
Osteoporosis
GI complications
HO
Pain
Spasticity
44
Q

What is considered a medical emergency

A

Autonomic dysfunction

45
Q

What is autonomic dysfunction

A

Sensory loss, motor paralysis,

Loss of bowel and bladder control

46
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia happens what levels

A

T6 and above

47
Q

What do you see with autonomic dysreflexia?

A 
Increased BO
Bradycardia
Nasal congestion
Pounding headache
Anxiety
Flushing
Profuse sweating
48
Q

Causes of autonomic dysreflexia

A

Anything that can be perceived as a noxious stimulation

49
Q

Treatment for autonomic dysreflexia

A

Immediately sit them upright and fix the problem

50
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia and what happens to the vessels

A

Vasodilation ABOVE level of injury

Vasoconstriction BELOW level of injury (pale, cool no sweating)

51
Q

Most common cause of autonomic dysreflexia

A

Kinked catheter

52
Q

Where is diaphragm innervated

A

C3-C5

53
Q

Benefits of the patient sleeping prone

A

Air-ates different lobes of the lung but also prevents hip contractures that they might get from wheelchair

54
Q

Best way to prevent DVT

A

Activity

55
Q

Medication for HO

A

Didronel- slows it down

56
Q

Muscle substitution is used for

A

Tetraplegia

57
Q

What is muscle substitution?

A

Using fixation of distal extremity to achieve movement

58
Q

Examples of muscle sub

A

1] shoulder ER with distal end fixed and elbows extended

2] pulling on bedrails or using loops

59
Q

2 movement strategies

A

Head/hips relationship
Angular momentum (throwing the extremity)
Muscle substitution

Neuro- Roos P2 (4 decks)

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