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GLGY 301 > 6 Southern Rocky Mountains > Flashcards

6 Southern Rocky Mountains Flashcards

1
Q

What is the orientation of the Canadian Rocky Mountains?

A

Oriented NNW-SSE

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2
Q

What are the start and end points of the CRM and what is the length?

A

> 1500km length
Glacier National Park, Montana to Liard River near Yukon-BC border

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3
Q

What is the width of the CRM and what are the start and end points?

A

~150Km width
Rocky Mountains Trench to Foothills-Plains boundary

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4
Q

What is the CRM composition? In the foothills and in the front and main ranges

A

99% stratified sedimentary rocks
Foothills is clastic rocks (shale and sandstone)
The front and main range is carbonates (limestone and dolostone)

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5
Q

What is unique about the rocks in the CRM?

A

CRM comprises sedimentary rocks with abundant fossils (fossilized marine organisms)

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6
Q

What kind of erosion shaped the CRM?

A

Glacial erosion and fluvial erosion (water)

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7
Q

See slide 16-18

A
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8
Q

Why do we see more sediment in the foothills?

A

Because through erosion the softer rocks were eroded and deposited, creating the distinct rock type difference we see today between the foothills and the front range

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9
Q

What toughness of rock would you see in the foothills compared to the rest of the CRM?

A

Less tough in the foothills
More tougher in the front and main ranges

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10
Q

What kind of erosion was mostly responsible for the sediment we see in the foothills?

A

Fluvial erosion

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11
Q

**Slide 28

A
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12
Q

What are the four distinct layers you see on the mountains on the west of Banff? (top-down)

A

Livingstone formation (rundle group)
Banff formation
Palliser formation
Fairhome group
Slide 36-37

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13
Q

What are two sides to the asymmetrical mountains you see in the CRM?

A

Stair-step profile (steep face)
Dip-slope profile

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of the rocks in the eastern main range? (4)

A
  1. Gently sloping strata
  2. Normal faulting
  3. Castellated peaks (castle like)
  4. Highest relief
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of the rocks in the western main range? (4)

A
  1. Increased shale content
  2. Weaker rock easily fold
  3. Low-grade metamorphic overprint
  4. Intensely folded
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16
Q

What shale in the CRM is the most famous shale in the world and why?

A

Burgess shale near Field BC and is so famous because of its preservation of soft body organisms

17
Q

What age are the fossils in the Burgess Shale?

A

Just after the “Cambrian explosion”

18
Q

What part of the main range is the Burgess shale found?

A

The western main range

19
Q

What is the triangle zone?

A

The zone that separates the deformed strata of the foothills with the flat strata in the plains

20
Q

What are two land features that are connected to the rocky mountain trench?

A
  1. Tintina trench that goes all the way up to Alaska
  2. Fraser River fault zone
21
Q

See slide 69-71

A

GLGY 301 (14 decks)

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