6) Thumb joints

Question 1

1st Carpometacarpal Joint

Answer 1

Saddle, simple, synovial,multiaxail

Question 2

1st Carpometacarpal Joint

Articular surface

Answer 2

See file

Question 3

1st Carpometacarpal Joint

Joint capsule

Answer 3

See file

Question 4

1st Carpometacarpal Joint

Ligaments

Answer 4

Radial carpometacarpal ligament

Anterior oblique ligament

Posterior oblique ligament

Question 5

Radial carpometacarpal ligament

Answer 5

Attachments:

Passes between adjacent lateral surfaces of trapezium and 1st metacarpal

Prevents lateral displacement of metacarpal on trapezium

Question 6

Anterior oblique ligament

Answer 6

Attachments

Anterior trapezium to medial side of 1st metacarpal

Taut extension of thumb

Question 7

Posterior oblique ligament

Answer 7

Attachments

Posterior surface of trapezium to medial side of 1st metacarpal

Taut in flexion

Question 8

Stability

Carpometacarpal

Answer 8

Tone of muscle
Tendons
Shape of articular surface + looseness = mobile

Question 9

Movements

Carpometacarpal

Answer 9

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Opposition

Question 10

Metacarpophalangeal

Answer 10

Condyloid, simple, synovial, multiaxail

Question 11

Metacarpophalangeal

Articular surface

Answer 11

See file

Question 12

Metacarpophalangeal

Joint capsule

Answer 12

See file

Question 13

Metacarpophalangeal

Synovial membrane

Answer 13

Lines all non-articular surfaces of joint present anterior and posterior recesses when joint is extended

Question 14

Metacarpophalangeal

Ligaments

Answer 14

Palmar ligament

Collateral ligament

Question 15

Palmar ligament

Metacarpophalangeal

Answer 15

Dense fibrocartilaginous pad increases phalangeal articular surface anteriorly

Anterior surface base of proximal phalanx

Contains x2 sesamoid bones attracted

Limits extension

Question 16

Collateral ligament

Metacarpalphalangeal

Answer 16

V strong, fan out proximal to distal

Attachments:

Proximally to tubercle and adjacent depression on side of metacarpal head ➖➖➖➖ palmar aspect side of base of proximal phalanx

Taut in flexion

Question 17

Stability

Metacarpophalangeal

Answer 17

Collateral ligament

Tendons flexor, extensor pollicis longus

Question 18

Movement

Metacarpophalangeal

Answer 18

Flexion 
Extension
Abduction 
Adduction 
Opposition

Question 19

Interphalangeal

Answer 19

Hinge,simple,synovial, uniaxail

Question 20

Interphalangeal

Collateral ligament

Answer 20

Attachments:

Sides of head of proximal phalanx➖➖➖ palmar aspect base of distal phalanx

Blend lateral palmar ligament

Limit flexion

Question 21

Interphalangeal

Palmar ligament

Answer 21

Fibrocartilaginous plate attached to anterior margin of base of distal phalanx

Limit extension

Question 22

Interphalangeal

Stability

Answer 22

Palmar ligament

collateral ligament

Question 23

Interphalangeal

Movement

Answer 23

Flexion

Extension

Question 24

Interphalangeal

Articular surfaces

Answer 24

See file

Question 25

Interphalangeal Joint capsule

Answer 25

See file

Question 26

Interphalangeal Ligaments

Answer 26

Collateral | Palmar

Question 27

Thumb grips

Answer 27

Percision grips— object is held between pads of digits Rotation of CMC, MCP joints of thumb and MCP joint of fingers using intrinsic muscles of the hand and flexor digitorum superficialis, profundus and pollicis longissumus 1) Pincer: terminal opposition 2) Pinch: subterminal opposition 3) Key: subtermino-lateral opposition Power grips—- used when considerable power is required using long flexors and extensors partly fixing the wrist and gripping the object 1) Palmar 2) Hook 3) Span

Question 28

Dexterity

Answer 28

Achieved through a coordinated mix of precision and power through the available ROM Skill in performance movements

Question 29

Terminal opposition Pincer grip

Answer 29

Most precise Tips of pads or or edges of the nails

Question 30

Subterminal opposition Pinch grip

Answer 30

Most common Palmar surfaces of thumb and finger

Question 31

Subtermino-lateral opposition Key grip

Answer 31

Less fine but strong grip Pad of thumb presses against the side of any of the phalanges of fingers when the distal phalanx of the index finger is lost it can replace terminal and sub terminal opposition

Question 32

Palmar grip

Answer 32

Most powerful grip Thumb acts as a buttress and the fingers wrap around the object The volume of the object determines the strength of grip which is greatest when the tips of the index finger and thumb can still touch

Question 33

Hook grip

Answer 33

The object is held firmly between the palm and flexed fingers

Question 34

span grip

Answer 34

Abducted fingers and thumb in addition to the palm in order to grip circular objects e.g. Jar lids