6. Treatment for type 2 diabetes - oral and injectable (non-insulin) pharmacological agents Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 6. Treatment for type 2 diabetes - oral and injectable (non-insulin) pharmacological agents Deck (6)
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1
Q

what re the oral pharmacological agents for type 2 diabetes treatment ?

A

2ND GEN SULFONYLUREAS
= increase insulin secretion

BIGUANIDE
metformin / glucophage

MEGLITINIDES - analogous of sulfonylureas = act similar
glinides
eg repaglinde

DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4 INHIBITORS
increase incretin levels - block glucagon and increase insulin release
gliptin
eg alogliptins

SODIUM GLUCOSE CO TRANSPORTER 2 inhibitor
reduction of resoprtionof glucose from tubules
agliflozins
eg canagliflozin

PPAR gama agonists =
glitazones
pioglitazone

fibrates
PPAR alpha agonists
promotes uptake, utilization, and catabolism of fatty acids

2
Q

what are the risk for sulfonylureas ?

A

hypoglycemia when taking meals unregularly = increase insulin secretion even when normal

3
Q

why are glinides taken before meals ?

A

analogues to sulfonylureas = rapid onset of secretion of insulin and short duration of action

4
Q

what is the action of metformin ?

A

decrease gluconeogeneisis in liver
and glycogenolysis
inhibits lipolysis

and increases insulin sensitivity

only acts during = HYPERGLYCEMIA so hypoglycemia is uncommon

5
Q

what is the mechanism of action of glitazone ?

A

used to treate symptoms of metabolic syndrome = increase TAG STORGAE -
lower tag and insulin sensitivity

6
Q

treatmnet algorithm ?

A

weight reduction exercise

metformin

dual therapy - metformin plus one of the above drugs

triple therapy - metformin +2 other

still not working
metformin
+ basal inulin
+ short acting insulin before meals or GLP-1 receptor agonist