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Ap World Vocab > 600 CE - 1450 (Raine) > Flashcards

600 CE - 1450 (Raine) Flashcards

1
Q

Period 3 Acronym

A

T.I.M.B.E.R= Tang/Song, Islam/Incas, Mongols/Mali, Byzantine, Europe, Regionalized

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2
Q

Ka’aba

A

A black stone or meteorite that became the most revered shrine in Arabia before the introduction of Islam; situated in Mecca, later incorporated into Islamic faith

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3
Q

Syncretism

A

A blend of two or more cultures or cultural traditions

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4
Q

Austronesian

A

A branch of languages originating in Oceana

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5
Q

Hadith

A

A collection of sayings and deeds of Muhammad

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6
Q

Magma Carta

A

A document written in England in 1215 that granted certain rights to nobles; later these rights came to be extended to all classes

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7
Q

Harem

A

A household of wives and concubines in the Middle East, Africa, or Asia

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8
Q

Daimyo

A

A Japanese feudal lord in charge of an army of samurai

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9
Q

Chivalry

A

A knight’s code of honor in medieval Europe

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10
Q

Mita

A

A labor system used by Adean (Incan) societies in which community members shared work owed to rulers and their religious community

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11
Q

Maori

A

A member of a Polynesian group that settled in New Zealand (800ce)

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12
Q

Bakufu

A

A military gov set up in Japan after the Gempei Wars; the emperor became a figurehead while real power was concentrated in the military, including the samurai

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13
Q

Khan

A

A Mongol ruler

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14
Q

Astrolabe

A

A navigational instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the position of the stars

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15
Q

Serf

A

A peasant bound to the land that he or she works

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16
Q

Neo-Confucianism

A

A philosophy that blended Confucianism and Buddhism

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17
Q

Feudalism

A

A political, economic, and social system based on the relationship between lord and vassal in order to provide protection

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18
Q

Parliament

A

A representative assembly, most notably in England

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19
Q

Kowtow

A

A ritualistic bow practiced in the Chinese court

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20
Q

Caravel

A

A small, easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations

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21
Q

Stateless society

A

A society that is based on the authority of kinship groups rather than on a central gov

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22
Q

Quipus

A

A system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for record keeping

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23
Q

Manorialism

A

A system of self-sufficient estates that arose in medieval Europe

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24
Q

Zakat

A

A tax; comprising percentages of personal income of every kind, levied as almsgiving for the relief of the poor: the third of the Pillars of Islam

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25
Q

People of the book

A

A term applied by Islamic govs to Muslims, Christians, and Jews in reference to the fact that all three religions had a holy book

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26
Q

Minaret

A

A tower attached to a mosque from which Muslims are called to worship

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27
Q

Lateen sails

A

A triangular sail attached to a short mast

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28
Q

Age grade

A

Age groups into which children were placed in Bantu Societies of early Sub-Saharan Africa; children within the age grade were given responsibilities and privileges suitable for their age and in this manner were prepared for adult responsibilities

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29
Q

Abacus

A

An ancient Chinese counting device that used rods on which were mounted movable counters

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30
Q

Tea ceremony

A

An ancient Shinto ritual still performed in the traditional Japanese capital of Kyoto

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31
Q

Quechua

A

An Andean (Incan) society

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32
Q

Perspective

A

An artistic technique commonly used in Renaissance painting that gave a three-dimensional appearance to works of art

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33
Q

Sultan

A

An Islamic ruler

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34
Q

Gothic architecture

A

Architecture of 12th c Europe, featuring stained-glass windows, flying buttresses, tall spires, and pointed arches

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35
Q

Arabesque

A

Artwork first seen in Muslim lands. A type of curvilinear decoration in painting, metalwork, etc, with intricate intertwining leaf, flower, animal, or geometrical designs

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36
Q

Calpulli

A

Aztec clans that supplied labor and warriors to leaders

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37
Q

Toltecs

A

Central American society that was centered around the city of Tula

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38
Q

Ming dynasty

A

Chinese dynasty founded by Hongwu and known for its cultural brilliance

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39
Q

Yuan dynasty

A

Chinese dynasty founded by Mongolian ruler Kublai Khan

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40
Q

Celadon

A

Chinese porcelain that has pale, green, and translucent glaze

41
Q

Mississippians

A

First society ppl located in central North America

42
Q

Five Pillars

A

Five practices required by Muslims: faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage

43
Q

Foot binding

A

In China, a method of breaking and binding women’s feet; seen as a sign of beauty and social position, foot binding also confined women to the household

44
Q

Ayllus

A

In Incan society, a clan or community that worked together on projects required by the ruler

45
Q

Parallel descent

A

In Incan society, descent through both the mother and the father

46
Q

Fief

A

In medieval Europe, a grant of land given in exchange for military, or other services

47
Q

Benefice

A

In medieval Europe, a grant of land or other privilege to a vassal

48
Q

Vassal

A

In medieval Europe, a person who pledged military or other device to a lord in exchange for a gift of land or other privilege

49
Q

Jihad

A

Islamic holy war

50
Q

Junks

A

Large Chinese sailing especially designed for a long-distance travel during the Tang and Song Dynasties

51
Q

Flying money

A

Letters of Credit issued in place of coins

52
Q

Shogun

A

Military leader under the bakufu

53
Q

Sufis

A

Muslims who attempted to reach Allah through mysticism

54
Q

Bantu-speaking ppls

A

Name given to a group of sub-Saharan African ppls whose migrations altered the society of sub-Saharan Africa

55
Q

Muslim

A

One who submits; a follower of Islam

56
Q

Medieval

A

Pertaining to the Middle Ages of European history

57
Q

Chinampas

A

Platforms of twisted vines and mud that served the Aztecs as floating gardens and extended their agricultural land

58
Q

Chimor

A

Pre-Incan South American society that fell to the Incas (1400s ce)

59
Q

Bushi

A

Regional military leaders in Japan who rules small kingdoms from fortresses

60
Q

Malay sailors

A

SE Asian sailors who traveled the Indian Ocean; by 500 ce the had colonized Madagascar, introducing the cultivation of the banana

61
Q

Griots

A

Storytellers of sub-Saharan Africa who carried on oral traditions and histories

62
Q

Middle Kingdom

A

Term applied to the rich agricultural lands of the Yangtze Ricer valley under the Zhou dynasty

63
Q

Kamikaze

A

The “divine wind” credited by the Japanese with preventing the Mongol invasion of Japan during the 1200s

64
Q

Battle of Tours

A

The 732 battle that halted the advance of Muslim armies into Europe at a point in Northern France

65
Q

Investiture

A

The authority claimed by monarchs to appoint church officials

66
Q

Shariah

A

The body of law that governs Muslim society

67
Q

Sunni

A

believes that the Muslim community should select its leaders; the Sunnis are the largest branch of Islam

68
Q

Shi’ite

A

believes that leader must be a descendent of Muhammad

69
Q

Caliph

A

The chief Muslim political and religious leader

70
Q

Scholar gentry

A

The Chinese class of well educated men from whom many bureaucrats were chosen

71
Q

Bushido

A

Samurai code of honor

72
Q

Umma

A

Community of Muslim believers

73
Q

Moldboard plow

A

The curved metal plate in a plow that turns over an earth from the furrow

74
Q

Black Death

A

The European name for the outbreak of the bubonic plague that spread across Asia, Europe, and North Africa in the 1300s

75
Q

Hijrah (hegira)

A

The flight of Mohammad from Mecca to Medina, the 1st year in Muslim calendar

76
Q

Allah

A

The God of Muslims; Arabic word for God

77
Q

Metropolitan

A

The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church

78
Q

Quran

A

The holy book of Islam

79
Q

Ramadan

A

The holy month of Islam which commemorates the appearance of the angel Gabriel to Muhammad; FASTING month

80
Q

Dar al-Islam

A

The House of Islam; a term representing the political and religious unity of various Islamic groups

81
Q

Mosque

A

The house of worship of followers of Islam

82
Q

Sepukku

A

The Japanese practice of ritual suicide

83
Q

Samurai

A

The military class of feudal Japan

84
Q

Anasazi

A

The name given to the pueblo dwelling natives in SW N American continent

85
Q

Mexica

A

The name given to themselves by the Aztec ppl

86
Q

Tribute

A

The payment of a tax in the form of goods and labor by subject ppls

87
Q

Mongol Peace (Pax Mongolica)

A

1250-1350 which the Mongols ensured the safety of Eurasian trade and travel

88
Q

Middle Ages

A

European history 500-1500

89
Q

Hajj

A

The pilgrimage to the Ka’aba in Mecca required once every Muslim who was not limited by health or financial restrictions

90
Q

Excommunication

A

The practice of Roman Catholic churches and other Christian churches of prohibiting participation in the sacraments to those who don’t comply with the church teachings or practices

91
Q

Renaissance

A

The revival of learning in Europe beginning about 1300 - 1600

92
Q

Shogunate

A

The rule of shoguns

93
Q

Inca

A

The ruler of the Quecha ppl of west coast of S America; also applied to the Quechua ppl as a whole

94
Q

Steppe Diplomacy

A

The skill of political survival and dominance in the world of steppe nomads; it involved the knowledge of tribal and clan structure and often used assassinations to accomplish its goals

95
Q

Shinto

A

The traditional Japanese religion based on veneration of ancestors and spirits of nature

96
Q

Moundbuilders

A

The various American tribes who, in prehistoric and early historic times, erected the burial mounds and other earthworks of the Mississippi drainage basin and the SE US

97
Q

Mamluks

A

Turkish military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the 9th and 10th centuries; founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from 1200s - 1500s

98
Q

Gempei wars

A

Wars in Japan that pitted the Samurai against the peasants

Ap World Vocab (7 decks)

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