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BDCS > Amber Book Concrete > Flashcards

Amber Book Concrete Flashcards

1
Q

What is the drying (curing) time of concrete?

A

28 days

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2
Q

What is type 1a cement?

A

normal concrete that is air entrained with bubbles that help with durability/workability. can be exposed in cold and mixed climates

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3
Q

What is type 2 cement?

A

moderate resistance to sulfate that can attach concrete and weaken it. USE BELOW GRADE

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4
Q

What is type 2a cement?

A

sulfates and air entrained

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5
Q

What is type 3 cement?

A

high early strength cement used for PRECAST, TILT UP to save time. also cold weather

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6
Q

What is type 3a cement?

A

high early strength with air entrained

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7
Q

What is type 4 cement?

A

low heat of hydration. used in MASSIVE INFRASTRUCTURES.

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8
Q

What is type 5 cement?

A

high resistance to sulfate

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9
Q

What is white portland cement?

A

used for countertops

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10
Q

What is aggregate size?

A

no greater than 3/4 between rebar and 1/3 depth of slab

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11
Q

How do you make pervious concrete?

A

use aggregates of the same size

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12
Q

What do lightweight aggregates do?

A

they make concrete lighter and more thermally resistant, but also weaker. POPCORN expanded shale

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13
Q

What is vermiculite?

A

expanded mica that is a lightweight aggregate

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14
Q

What is perlite?

A

expanded volcanic rock that is a lightweight aggregate

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15
Q

What does adding water to concrete do?

A

more workable but less strong

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16
Q

What is ultra high strength concrete made of?

A

silica, quartz, steel microfibers (NO REBAR)

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17
Q

What do shrinkage reducing admixtures do?

A

reduce cracking

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18
Q

What are corrosion inhibitors?

A

they reduce rusting of rebar on pavers like on parking garages or salt on the road

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19
Q

What does extended set control do?

A

delays curing for up to several days. stabilizer added when mixing which puts off until activator is added

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20
Q

What is self consolidating concrete?

A

doesn’t need vibrators. used for when rebar is croweded in the formwork. Has crisp edges. more pourable but also more pressure on formwork

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21
Q

How do you protect rebar from saltwater?

A

coat with epoxy, galvanize, stainless steel, or zinc polymers

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22
Q

Where do you put welded wire reinforcing? What is the spacing?

A

in the bottom of slabs. WWR. 2” min to 12” max grid

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23
Q

What length do you overlap/splice rebar?

A

30 x diameter

24
Q

What is a reinforcing bar coupler?

A

a rebar combiner that puts the rebar end to end

25
Q

What is shrinkage temperature steel?

A

steel perpendicular to rebar in a slab to prevent shrinkage in slabs

26
Q

What do concrete ties do?

A

in columns, they prevent outward buckling. Can be rectilinear or spiral. Spiral is better for earthquakes.

27
Q

What do micro and macrofibers do?

A

they help with shrinkage and less cracking; may replace shrinkage temperature steel

28
Q

What is creep?

A

the squishing of concrete over time.

29
Q

How thick is slab on grade?

A

3” to 8”

30
Q

What diameter crushed stone to place under slab on grade?

A

1 1/2” diameter crushed stone for capilary break

31
Q

What is screeding?

A

push and pull excess concrete over the formwork for leveling

32
Q

What is floating?

A

with bull float or darby to make concrete flat

33
Q

What is troweling?

A

using a tool to make concrete surface smooth

34
Q

How often and how deep is a control joint?

A

1/4th the depth of slab. every 15’

35
Q

What are isolation joints for?

A

fully separating two concretes for expansion and contraction.

36
Q

Do thinner or thicker slabs require closer spacing of control joints?

A

thinner

37
Q

How do you have less control joints?

A

make concrete stronger via dryer mix, fly ash, post tensioning, admixtures or microfibers

38
Q

When do you need masonry expansion joints?

A

change in height, openings, wall thickness transitions, change directions, columns or pilasters

39
Q

How do you make non slip finish on concrete?

A

stiff bristle broom perpendicular to path of travel, drag burlap, sprinkle powder, or abrasive strips

40
Q

What are whalers?

A

formwork that holds the ties of the formwork. Horizontal members

41
Q

What is the formwork for a column called?

A

a pile cap

42
Q

What is a chamfer strip?

A

cast at 45 degrees for beveling corners

43
Q

What are shores?

A

adjustable height columns used to support the beams of a slab that is not being poured on grade

44
Q

What is the depth of a concrete beam?

A

Width x 3 = depth

45
Q

What type of concrete slab system is best for rectangles? for squares?

A

one way for rectangle, two way for squares

46
Q

What do drop panels do?

A

They help resist shear forces near the columns

47
Q

What type of concrete slab system is best for less than 25’ spans?

A

two way flat plate or one way flat slab

48
Q

What type of concrete slab is best used for greater than 30’ spans?

A

one way joist systems

49
Q

What are lifting rings?

A

rings cast into concrete for tilt up construction that connects to a rope crane

50
Q

How do you increase span?

A

pretensioning, taper, vault, arches, folded plates

51
Q

What is board formed concrete?

A

a type of architectural concrete where aggregate is exposed.

52
Q

What type of cement is used in precast concrete?

A

type 3

53
Q

How do you connect things to concrete?

A

precast bolts, drill expansion anchors, glue steel plates, oversize a hole and put grout, concrete/masonry nails, steel tendons.

54
Q

What do superplasticizers do?

A

they are water reducing admixtures, organic. they increase work ability so it is easier to flow into convoluted forms. it allows reduced water but maintains workable.

55
Q

What is grade 75 steel used for?

A

making columns thinner

56
Q

What are bolsters?

A

longer chairs to hold the rebar, often if slab on grade it is made of plastic

BDCS (10 decks)

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