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U.S. History > World War I > Flashcards

World War I Flashcards

1
Q

Original name of WWI

A

The great war

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2
Q

Attrition

A

One or both sides kill everything to try and force the other side to surrender

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3
Q

Four MAIN causes

A

Militarism(arms race/military state)
Alliances(triple alliance v. Triple entente)
Imperialism(building empire)
Nationalism(pride in culture,ect)

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4
Q

Triple alliance

A

Central powers:
German empire
Ottoman Empire
Austria-hungary

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5
Q

Triple entente

A

Allies:
France
Britain
Russia

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6
Q

The “spark”

A

Assassination of the archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo

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7
Q

Result of assassination of archduke Ferdinand

A

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia which was allied with Russia which was backed by France and Britain while Austria-Hungary was backed by Germany

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8
Q

Trench warfare

A

Not straight built by soldiers eat infested no mans land lived in water and disease as they couldn’t leave trenches

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9
Q

Weapons

A

Springfield rifle
Bayonet
Grenade
Machine guns

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10
Q

Tanks

A

Way to get across no mans land-would get stuck

First weapon produced by british

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11
Q

Airplanes

A

New not reliable first for reconesince later in dog fights and caused machine gun to be placed in back of plane

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12
Q

Flying aces

A

Eddie rickenbacher-US

Manfred Von rictoffen “red baron”-Germany

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13
Q

Zeppelins

A

German- Quiet blimps used for reconnescence
Caught fire or were shot down
Dropped bombs over Britain-demoralizing

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14
Q

Submarines

A

German ha sonar to tell when ship was above them an would torpedo them was restricted then unrestricted-cause for US joining war

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15
Q

Chemical warfare

A

Didn’t have gas masks-used ammonia rag
Chlorine-didnt smell, green gas-lethal caused suffocation
Mustard gas-blistering agent-shut down body

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16
Q

Flamethrower

A

German-unpredictable used to clear out trenches-had to get close to enemy and how tank didn’t blow up

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17
Q

Western front

A

Trench warfare-great Britain and France

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18
Q

Eastern front

A

Russia

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19
Q

Stalemate

A

Lasts almost two years

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20
Q

Verdun

A

Battle from feb. to dec. 1916 longest battle in WWI

800,000 men died

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21
Q

Somme

A

Major battle from July to dec. 1916

River in France-Brit. Tried to distract Germans from fighting in north but failed

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22
Q

US neutrality

A

Thought/expected sea to be neutral

Traded with both sides

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23
Q

Naval blockade

A

British navy blocked English canal and US did nothing to support britain

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24
Q

U-boats

A

German submarines

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25
Q

Lusitania

A

May 7, 1915
Ship with 180ish Americans shot down by uboat
US became anti-German

26
Q

Election of 1916

A

Wilson is elected

“Peace with honor”

27
Q

Zimmerman telegram

A

Sent to American government and press and published it declared unrestricted submarine warfare and offered alliance with Mexico if war with US starts

28
Q

Declaration of war

A

Wilson asked congress for war on April 6, 1917

Reason:war would make democracy safe

29
Q

Convoy system

A

Safety in numbers

30
Q

Selective service act

A 
1917 
Draft for men 21-30
Blacks required 
Open to whites
Troop segregated wanted 2 million
31
Q

John Pershing

A

“Black Jack”- recruitant

32
Q

American expeditionary force

A

Trains men 8 weeks before sending them to europe

33
Q

Committee on public information

A

Told everyone central powers were bad and used propaganda to get everyone in board

34
Q

Propaganda

A

Used to convince people of sometimes using guilt or calling on loyalty or integrity

35
Q

War industries board

A

Told industry what to make and what not to make

36
Q

Good administration

A

Convinced people to voluntarily ration food-called traitor if you wasted food that could have gone to soldiers

37
Q

Herbert Hoover

A

Instituted days of going without certain foods-meat sugar wheat and what you would have use was sent to soldiers
Convinced school to have gardens in exchange for money

38
Q

Fuel administration

A

Saved coal and gas-gas less days

Daylight savings time-reduced time factories were open to reserve fuel

39
Q

War financing bonds

A

Sent money directly to war

More bought bc of propaganda

40
Q

Eugene debs

A

Head of socialist party- Convinced people to not go to drafts held rallies before being imprisoned

41
Q

Charles schenk

A

Wrote letters saying draft was unconstitutional and when imprisoned fought it

42
Q

Schenk v. U. S.

A

191& used freedom if speech but Supreme Court ruled that during war if he is endangering the nation-fighting the draft- he could be imprisoned –>was not released

43
Q

Espionage Act

A

1917 if you helped the enemy even by stopping recruitment you were tried of espionage and received 10 years in prison

44
Q

Sedition act

A

1918 treason if you spoke against the country flag or soldiers you were charged with sedition and received 10 years in prison and $10,000

45
Q

Great migration

A

African americans moved from plains to northeast to full factory positions

46
Q

Women

A

Filled men’s jobs so fought for suffrage r

47
Q

19th amendment

A

Women’s suffrage in 1920

48
Q

Armistice

A

Nov. 11,1918 11 am

Ceased fire

49
Q

Paris peace conference

A

Big 4 met in palace of Versailles and made treaty of Versailles

50
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Changed map ending empires

Punished Germany

51
Q

Big 4

A

US-pres. Wilson
Great Britain-David Lloyd George
France- Clemenceau
Italy- vittorio Orlando

52
Q

Change of German empire

A

West lost Rhineland and Alsace-Lorraine
East lost some which went to Poland
South lost some to Czechoslovakia

53
Q

Austria Hungary empire

A

Became Austria Hungary Yugoslavia and part of Czechoslovakia

54
Q

Collapse of Ottoman Empire

A

Became turkey Syria Jordan Palestine Lebanon and Jordan-protecterats were Britain and France

55
Q

Russian revolution

A

Reason left war- Tsar Nicholas was overthrown by Vladimir Lenin and Bolsheviks-became communist Soviet Union

56
Q

Change of Russia map

A

5 countries out of part

Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania an Poland

57
Q

Wilson’s 14 points

A

All but last shot down-one Wilson fought for-league of nationa

58
Q

League of Nations

A

Way for peace-for all nations to be able to talk through conflict Congress refused to join even after Wilson died while fighting for it

59
Q

Reservationists

A

People in congress not completely opposed to treaty of Versailles

60
Q

Irreconcilables

A

Opposed to treaty in any way bc of League of Nations

U.S. History (12 decks)

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