Biopsych: The endocrine system

Question 1

The endocrine system

Answer 1

Releases hormones

Affects various parts of the body such as the organs and heart

Question 2

Fight or flight response

Answer 2

The sympathetic nervous system is triggered
This causes the pituitary gland to release ACTH, a hormone which affects the adrenal gland
This causes adrenaline to be released which changes bodily responses (the fight/flight response)
When the threat disappears, the parasympathetic nervous system activates to calm the body down again

Question 3

Epinephrine

Answer 3

The adrenaline used in the fight/flight response

Question 4

Hypothalamus

Answer 4

Stimulates and controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland

Question 5

Pineal gland

Answer 5

Releases melatonin, which is responsible for important biological rhythms including the sleep-wake cycle

Question 6

Pituitary gland

Answer 6

Sometimes known as the master gland because the hormones released by this gland control and stimulate the release of hormones from other glands

Question 7

Thyroid gland

Answer 7

Releases thyroxine, which is responsible for regulating the metabolism

Question 8

Adrenal gland (medulla)

Answer 8

Releases adrenaline and noradrenaline, which is the key hormone in the flight/fight response

Question 9

Adrenal gland (cortex)

Answer 9

Releases cortisol, which stimulates the release of glucose to provide the body with energy whilst suppressing the immune system

Question 10

Ovaries

Answer 10

Release oestrogen, which controls the regulation of the female reproductive system, including the menstrual cycle and pregnancy

Question 11

Testes

Answer 11

Release testosterone, which is responsible for the development of male sex characteristics during puberty whilst also promoting growth