ENT

Question 1

Causes of sensorineural hearing loss (4)

Answer 1

1. Presbycusis (age-related, high frequencies first)
2. Acoustic neuroma
3. Ototoxic antibioitics (aminoglycosides, furosemide)
4. Meniere’s disease (+episodic vertigo and tinnitus)

Question 2

Common cause of conductive hearing loss in young adults

Answer 2

Otosclerosis

Question 3

Causes of serous otitis media (2)

Answer 3

1. Following acute otitis media

2. Obstruction of eustachian tube (e.g. by HIV-associated lymphadenopathy or lymphoma)

Question 4

Bulging or full ear drum that is cloudy and opaque

Answer 4

Serous otitis media

Question 5

Red or pink ear drum with inflamed tissue

Answer 5

Acute otitis media

Question 6

Otitis externa with granulation tissue.
Name?
Cause?
Treatment?

Answer 6

Malignant otitis externa

Cause: Pseudomonas

Treatment: IV cipro initially (or pip/tazo or ceftazidime in resistant disease)

Question 7

Ear pain with conductive hearing loss, pain with chewing, or cranial nerve palsy

Answer 7

Malignant otitis media (due to pseudomonas, often invades bone)