leg

Question 1

what is the normal presentation of a broken femoral neck?

Answer 1

shorter

external rotation

Question 2

what is the innervation of the anterior thigh?

Answer 2

Femoral nerve

L2,L3,L4

Question 3

what can happen to horseriders adductor longus?

Answer 3

• muscle strain

- ossification in the tendon due to active adduction of their thighs

Question 4

what is the action of the gracillus?

Answer 4

weak adductor

Question 5

if you have a damaged muscle in your hand what muscle from the medial thigh is often used to replace it?

Answer 5

gracillus as it’s a weak adductor so can be removed without effect

Question 6

what is the common action of the muscles in the medial thigh?

Answer 6

Adduction of the hip

Question 7

what nerve supply is the medial thigh for hip adduction?

Answer 7

Obturator nerve

Question 8

what muscles of the medial thigh receive innervation from two different nerves?

Answer 8

Adductor magnus
adductor part; obturator
hamstring part; tibial nerve

Question 9

how does damage to the obturator nerve present?

Answer 9

numbness of the medial thigh and weak adduction

Question 10

what are the movements created by the adductor magnus?

Answer 10

Medial hip so does hip adduction

also flexes and extends the thigh

Question 11

what nerves carry innervation from L2,L3,L4?

Answer 11

both the obturator and femoral

Question 12

how is the sciatic nerve related to the piriformis?

Answer 12

comes out below it

Question 13

excessive use of what muscles can lead to sciatic nerve problems?

Answer 13

gluteal

Question 14

how do you locate the safe injection site in the gluteal region?

Answer 14

place the index finger on the ASIS and spread the 3rd digit posteriorly along the iliac crest

Question 15

what is the action of the gluteus medius?

Answer 15

abduction and medial rotation of the lower limb

secures the pelvis to prevent pelvic drop

Question 16

what is the innervation of the gluteus medius?

Answer 16

superior gluteal nerve

Question 17

what is the action of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 17

lateral rotation of the thigh

extension of the thigh

Question 18

what supplies the gluteus maximus?

Answer 18

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 19

what is the actions of the gluteal minimus?

Answer 19

abducts and medial rotates the thigh

Question 20

what is the innervation of the gluteus minimus?

Answer 20

superior gluteal nerve

Question 21

what is the action of the quadratus femoris?

Answer 21

lateral rotation

Question 22

collectively what are the posterior thigh muscles known as?

Answer 22

hamstrings

Question 23

what is the innervation of the semimembranous and semitendinous muscles?

Answer 23

tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Question 24

what are the actions of the semimembranous and semitendinous?

Answer 24

flexion of the knee
extension of the hip
medial rotation of the thigh

Question 25

what is the innervation of the two heads to the bicep femoris?

Answer 25

long head: tibial part of the sciatic nerve

short head: common fibular part of the sciatic nerve

Question 26

what are the actions of the bicep femoris?

Answer 26

knee flexion
hip extension
lateral rotation of the knee

Question 27

what is the action of the tibialis anterior?

Answer 27

dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

Question 28

what is the innervation of the tibialis anterior?

Answer 28

deep fibular nerve

Question 29

what is shin splints?

Answer 29

muscles in the anterior compartment, especially tibialis anterior, swell from over use and oedema and muscle tendon inflammation reduces blood flow.

Question 30

what is the action of the extensor digitorum?

Answer 30

extension of the lateral four toes

dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 31

what is the innervation of the extensor digitorum?

Answer 31

deep fibular nerve

Question 32

what is the action of the extensor halluces longus?

Answer 32

extension of the hallux

dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 33

what is innervation of the extensor halicus longus?

Answer 33

deep fibular

Question 34

what is the general innervation and action of the anterior leg?

Answer 34

dorsiflexion of the foot

deep fibular nerve

Question 35

footdrop indicates paralysis of which muscles?

Answer 35

anterior compartment (as anterior compartment causes dorsiflexion)

Question 36

what nerve damage causes foot drop?

Answer 36

common fibular; as the deep fibular arises from it

Question 37

when can a patient do to overcome footdrop when walking?

Answer 37

an eversion flick

Question 38

what is the action of the fibularis longus?

Answer 38

eversion and plantarflexion of the foot

Question 39

what is the innervation to the fibularis longus?

Answer 39

superficial perineal nerve

Question 40

what is the action of the fibularis brevis?

Answer 40

eversion of the foot

Question 41

what is the innervation of the fibularis brevis?

Answer 41

superficial perineal nerve

Question 42

what is the action of the gastrocnemius?

Answer 42

plantarflexes the ankle

Question 43

what is the innervation of the gastrocnemius?

Answer 43

tibial nerve

Question 44

what is the innervation of the plantaris?

Answer 44

tibial nerve

Question 45

what is the general innervation of the posterior leg?

Answer 45

tibial nerve

Question 46

what is the action of the plantaris?

Answer 46

plantaflexes the ankle

Question 47

what is the general action of the anterior leg?

Answer 47

plantarflexion of the ankle joint