Disability / Health & Human Services Flashcards
Accessible
A term used to denote building facilities that are barrier-free thus enabling all members
of society safe access, including persons with physical disabilities.
Activity Limitations
Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities.
May range from a slight to a severe deviation in terms of quality or quantity in executing the activity in a manner or to the extent that is expected of people without the health condition.
Barrier-Free
A physical, manmade environment or arrangement of structures that is safe and
accessible to persons with disabilities.
Developmental Disability
Any mental and/or physical disability that has an onset before age 22 and may continue indefinitely. It can limit major life activities. Individuals with mental retardation,
cerebral palsy, autism, epilepsy (and other seizure disorders), sensory impairments, congenital disabilities, traumatic brain injury, or conditions caused by disease (e.g., polio and muscular dystrophy) may be considered to be this.
Disability
1) A physical or neurological deviation in an individual makeup. It may refer to a physical,
mental or sensory condition.
May or may not be a handicap to an individual, depending on one’s adjustment to it. 2) Diminished function, based on the anatomic, physiological or mental
impairment that has reduced the individual’s activity or presumed ability to engage in any substantial gainful activitity. 3) Inability or limitation in performing tasks, activities, and roles in the manner or within the range considered normal for a person of the same age, gender, culture and education.
Can also refer to any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.
Disability Case Management
A process of managing occupational and nonoccupational diseases with the aim of returning the disabled employee to a productive work schedule and employment.
Disability Income Insurance
A form of health insurance that provides periodic payments to replace income when an insured person is unable to work as a result of illness, injury, or disease.
Handicap
The functional disadvantage and limitation of potentials based on a physical or mental
impairment or disability that substantially limits or prevents the fulfillment of one or more major life activities, otherwise conisdered norml for that individual based on age, sex, and social and cultural factors, such as caring for one’s self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking,
breathing, learning, working, etc.
Is a classification of role reduction resulting from circumstances that place an impaired or disabled person at a disadvantage compared to other persons.
Handicapped
Refers to the disadvantage of an individual with a physical or mental impairment
resulting in a handicap.
Learning Disability
A lack of achievement or ability in a specific learning area(s) within the range of
achievement of individuals with comparable mental ability. Most definitions emphasize a basic disorder in psychological processes involved in understanding and using language, spoken or written.
SSDI (Social Security Disability Income)
Federal benefit program sponsored by the Social Security Administration.
Primary factor: disability and/or benefits received from deceased or disabled parent,
benefit depends upon money contributed to the Social Security program either by the individual involved and/or the parent involved.
Total Disability
An illness or injury that prevents an insured person from continuously performing
every duty pertaining to his/her occupation or engaging in any other type of work.
Adverse Events
Any untoward occurrences, which under most conditions are not natural consequences of the patient’s disease process or treatment outcomes.
Affect
The observable emotional condition of an individual at any given time.
Algorithm
The chronological delineation of the steps in, or activities of, patient care to be applied in
the care of patients as they relate to specific conditions/situations.
Alternate Level of Care
A level of care that can safely be used in place of the current level and
determined based on the acuity and complexity of the patient’s condition and the type of needed services and resources.
Ancillary Services
Other diagnostic and therapeutic services that may be involved in the care of
patients other than nursing or medicine. Includes respiratory, laboratory, radiology, nutrition, physical and occupational therapy, and pastoral services.
Appropriateness of Setting
Used to determine if the level of care needed is being delivered in the most appropriate and cost-effective setting possible.
Assessment
The process of collecting in-depth information about a person’s situation and
functioning to identify individual needs in order to develop a comprehensive case management plan that will address those needs. In addition to direct client contact, information should be gathered from
other relevant sources (patient/client, professional caregivers, non-professional caregivers, employers, health records, educational/military records, etc.).
Care Management
A healthcare delivery process that helps achieve better health outcomes by
anticipating and linking clients with the services they need more quickly. It also helps avoid unnecessary services by preventing medical problems from escalating.
Case Management
A collaborative process that assesses, plans, implements, coordinates, monitors, and evaluates the options and services required to meet an individual’s health needs, using
communication and available resources to promote quality, cost-effective outcomes.
Case Management Plan
A timeline of patient care activities and expected outcomes of care that address the plan of care of each discipline involved in the care of a particular patient. It is usually
developed prospectively by an interdisciplinary healthcare team in relation to a patient’s diagnosis, health problem, or surgical procedure.
Case Manager
A healthcare professional who is responsible for coordinating the care delivered to
an assigned group of patients based on diagnosis or need. Other responsibilities include patient/family education, advocacy, delays management, and outcomes monitoring and management.
They work with people to get the healthcare and other community services they need,
when they need them, and for the best value.
Case-Based Review
The process of evaluating the quality and appropriateness of care based on
the review of individual medical records to determine whether the care delivered is acceptable. It is performed by healthcare professionals assigned by the hospital or an outside agency (e.g., Peer Review Organization [PRO]).
Caseload
The total number of patients followed by a case manager at any point in time.
Clinical Pathway (See Case Management Plan)
A timeline of patient care activities and expected outcomes of care that
address the plan of care of each discipline involved in the care of a particular patient. It is usually developed prospectively by an interdisciplinary healthcare team in relation to a patient’s diagnosis, health problem, or surgical procedure.
Coding
A mechanism of identifying and defining patient care services/activities as primary and
secondary diagnoses and procedures. The process is guided by the ICD-9-CM coding manual, which lists the various codes and their respective descriptions.
Usually done in preparation for
reimbursement for services provided.
Communication Skills
Refers to the many ways of transferring thought from one person to another
through the commonly used media of speech, written words, or bodily gestures.
Consensus
Agreement in opinion of experts. Building this is a method used when developing case management plans.
Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
A key component of total quality management that uses rigorous, systematic, organization-wide processes to achieve ongoing improvement in the quality of healthcare services and operations. It focuses on both outcomes and processes of care.
Continuum of Care
Matches ongoing needs of the individuals being served by the case management process with the appropriate level and type of health, medical, financial, legal and psychosocial care for services within a setting or across multiple settings.
Coordination
The process of organizing, securing, integrating, and modifying the resources
necessary to accomplish the goals set forth in the case management plan.
Custodial Care
Care provided primarily to assist a patient in meeting the activities of daily living but
not requiring skilled nursing care.
Delay in Service
Used to identify delays in the delivery of needed services and to facilitate and
expedite such services when necessary.
Discharge Outcomes (criteria)
Clinical criteria to be met before or at the time of the patient’s discharge. They are the expected/ projected outcomes of care that indicate a safe discharge.
Discharge Planning
The process of assessing the patient’s needs of care after discharge from a
healthcare facility and ensuring that the necessary services are in place before discharge. This process ensures a patient’s timely, appropriate, and safe discharge to the next level of care or setting including appropriate use of resources necessary for ongoing care.
Discharge Status
Disposition of the patient at discharge (e.g., left against medical advice, expired,
discharged home, transferred to a nursing home).
Disease Management
A system of coordinated healthcare interventions and communications for populations with chronic conditions in which patient self-care efforts are significant. It supports the physician or practitioner/patient relationship.
The plan of care emphasizes prevention of exacerbations and complications
utilizing evidence-based practice guidelines and patient empowerment strategies, and
evaluates clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes on an ongoing basis with the goal of improving overall health.
Effectiveness of Care
The extent to which care is provided correctly (i.e., to meet the patient’s needs, improve quality of care, and resolve the patient’s problems), given the current state of
knowledge, and the desired outcome is achieved.
Efficacy of Care
The potential, capacity or capability to produce the desired effect or outcome, as
already shown, e.g. through scientific research (evidence-based) findings.
Efficiency of Care
The extent to which care is provided to meet the desired effects/outcomes to improve quality of care and prevent the use of unnecessary resources.
First-Level Reviews
Conducted while the patient is in the hospital, care is reviewed for its appropriateness.
