610 Final GI

Question 1

What are the four main parts of the stomach?

Answer 1

Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pyloric portion

Question 2

What are the four layers of the stomach?

Answer 2

Serosa, Musculares, Submucosa(holding layer),mucosa(blood supply)

Question 3

How do you know there is a stomach problem?

Answer 3

Frank blood in vomit, bile, coffee ground appearance of blood.

Question 4

What is the only layer of the stomach that can be biopsied?

Answer 4

Mucosa

Question 5

What are some of the common bloodwokm abnormalities with FB?

Answer 5

Dehydration, hemoconcentration, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, inflammatory leukogram.

Question 6

What causes the metabolic alkalosis in a FB?

Answer 6

The Cl- loss causes the bicarb to go up.

Question 7

What is the procedure to remove a Gastric FB called?

Answer 7

Gastrotomy

Question 8

What type of closure is needed in gastric surgery?

Answer 8

Two layer closure use a simple continuous then an inverting pattern.

Question 9

What are the three primary pyloric outflow obstructions?

Answer 9

Pyloric stenosis
Hypertrophic gastropathies
Gastric motility disorders

Question 10

What is pyloric stenosis and what breeds?

Answer 10

Brachycephalic’s, hypertrophy os muscular layer

Question 11

What is a pyloric stenosis repair called?

Answer 11

Pyloromyotomy

Question 12

When is a Heineken Mikulicz procedure indicated?

Answer 12

Pyloric muscular hypertrophy without significant mucosal hypertrophy

Question 13

When is a Y-U pyloroplasty indicated?

Answer 13

Indicated in cases of mucosal hypertrophy

Question 14

What is the most common hypertrophic gastropathy? what do you see? How do you treat?

Answer 14

Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy, see mucosal hypertrophy. Y-U pyloroplasty

Question 15

What is the surgical name for a gastroduodenostomy?

Answer 15

Billroth 1, end to end astomosis

Question 16

What is the surgical name for a gastrojejunostomy?

Answer 16

Billroth 2, end to side anastomosis

Question 17

What is the most common stomach cancer in dogs?

Answer 17

Adenocarcinoma

Question 18

What is the most common stomach cancer in cats?

Answer 18

Lymphoma

Question 19

In red nose what are the clinical signs?

Answer 19

Upper respiratory, dry crusty nose

Question 20

What is the etiology of papillomas? Should you treat them?

Answer 20

Normally viral and self limiting so you should leave them.

Question 21

What are some of the treatments for warts in cattle?

Answer 21

Surgical, crushing, cryosurgery, autogenous vaccines.

Question 22

Where are some other sites for warts in ruminants?

Answer 22

head,neck, prepuce

Question 23

What are the clinical signs for Contagious Ecthyma(ORF) What should you remember about this virus?

Answer 23

Small ruminant, sore mouth with acute pustular lesions, it is a zoonotic epitheliotropic pox virus.

Question 24

What are the clinical signs for papular stomatitis?

Answer 24

papules on palate, tongue or lips, often crusty with roughened edges. Most are asymptomatic and go undiagnosed.

Question 25

What should be your response to any lesion you see in the oral cavity?

Answer 25

Report it

Question 26

Blue tongue?

Answer 26

Primary dz in sheep, arthropod vector, also see in Whitetail deer as EHD and starting to see in cattle without signs.

Question 27

What are the clinical signs for BTV?

Answer 27

mucosal and skin lesions, salivation, burn appearance with photosensitization.

Question 28

What are the signs for VSV?

Answer 28

salivation, lameness, lesions. Horses with severe infections.

Question 29

What is the difference in horse with VSV and FMD?

Answer 29

FMD does not affect horses

Question 30

What is the predominate vector for VSV?

Answer 30

sandflies, black flies also direct contact with contaminated objects and infected animals.

Question 31

Is there a human transmission component to VSV?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

How much of liver function has to be bad to see impaired function?

Answer 32

80%

Question 33

Can you have hepatic disease in horses without hepatic failure?

Answer 33

Yes

Question 34

What are some signs of hepatic infufficeniency?

Answer 34

Icterus, Weight loss, anorexia, depression, pyrexia, hypoglycemia, coagulation problems.

Question 35

Can icterus be in normal in horses?

Answer 35

10-15% can normally have

Question 36

What causes icterus?

Answer 36

Hyperbilirubinemia , increases in conjugated and unconjugated

Question 37

What is hepatic encephalopathy associated with?

Answer 37

hyperammonemia

Question 38

In horses what are the liver specific test?

Answer 38

SDH,GLDH, GGT

Question 39

What are the test of liver function in horses?

Answer 39

Bile Acids

Question 40

What are the most useful diagnostic profiles for equine liver dz?

Answer 40

GLDH, GGT, Total and direct bilirubin, bile acids and liver US and biopsy.

Question 41

What causes equine hyperlipidemia?

Answer 41

increased triglyceride concentration.

Question 42

What are the two main hormones in normal energy metabolism?

Answer 42

hormone sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase

Question 43

What kind of plants cause chronic megalocytic hepatopathy?

Answer 43

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid containing plants.

Question 44

What is EGUS?

Answer 44

Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome

Question 45

What do squamous mucosal lesions in horses result from?

Answer 45

increased acid(Hal, bile acids, organic acids)

Question 46

What do glandular mucosal lesions result from?

Answer 46

impaired mucosal protection and blood flow which may be related to NSAIDs.

Question 47

What is another name for Colibacillosis in pigs?

Answer 47

ETEC, White Sours, wet tail scours

Question 48

What is the etiology of Colibacillosis?

Answer 48

Pili attach to enterocytes, K88=GENETIC

Question 49

What are some signs of colibacillosis?

Answer 49

diarrhea and septicemia in pigs less than 4 days of age.

Question 50

What is the pathogenesis of Colibacillosis?

Answer 50

E.coli attach, toxin secretion of fluid into SI, acidosis, dehydration, death

Question 51

What is the treatment for colibacillosis?

Answer 51

ahminoglycosides (gentacin)

Question 52

What is the best control for colibacillosis?

Answer 52

Vaccination and colostrum.

Question 53

What is TGE(Transmissible Gastroenteritis)

Answer 53

Highly infectious viral disease coronavirus

Question 54

What are the clinical signs of epizootic TGE?

Answer 54

100% morbidity,profuse watery diarrhea , milk curds, vomitting , incubation 1-2 days

Question 55

What are the clinical signs of enzootic TGE?

Answer 55

Signs variable but usually in weaned pigs.

Question 56

What are the biggest signs of TGE in a herd?

Answer 56

Everything is sick with no treatment response

Question 57

What family does Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus belong to?

Answer 57

Corona virus family

Question 58

What are the clinical signs for PEDv

Answer 58

diarrhea, vommiting all pigs on farm

Question 59

What is the treatment for PEDV?

Answer 59

Euthanasia and feed back

Question 60

What is the etiology of Coccidiosis?

Answer 60

Isospora suis

Question 61

What is the epidemiology of coccidiosis?

Answer 61

Oocysts in piglet environment, NOT THE SOW

Question 62

What are the clinical signs of coccidiosis?

Answer 62

4.5-5 days old, diarrhea, rough coat, gaunt

Question 63

What is clostridial enteritis?

Answer 63

Necrotic, hemorrhagic enteritis in pigs

Question 64

What is the etiology of clostridial enteritis?

Answer 64

Clostridium perfrigenes Type C

Question 65

What are the clinical signs of C. perf?

Answer 65

parachute, death

Question 66

What is the treatment for clostridial enteritis?

Answer 66

PPG, Antitoxin

Question 67

What is the antibiotic you should give sows to prevent clostridial enteritis?

Answer 67

BMD

Question 68

What should you necropsy for clostridial enteritis?

Answer 68

Fresh, untreated pigs

Question 69

What does C.perf A come from?

Answer 69

The sows