Pathoma Quick Cards

Question 1

Syndrome where liver vessels are blocked and necrose due to hypercoagulation

Answer 1

What is Budd-Chiari syndrome

Question 2

2 causes of Budd Chiari

Answer 2

SLE hypercoagulation

Polycythemia Vera

Question 3

What is FiO2?

Answer 3

Fraction of atmospheric O2

Question 4

Which form of Fe normally binds O2?

Fe3+ or Fe2+

Answer 4

“Fe2 binds O2”

Question 5

What do we call oxidized Fe in hemoglobin?

Answer 5

Methemoglobinemia

Fe3+

Question 6

Name three causes for methemoglobinemia from oxidant stress

Answer 6

Sulfa drugs
Nitrate drugs
Newborns

Question 7

Classic finding of Methemoglobinemia

Answer 7

Cyanosis and Chocolate colored blood

Question 8

Tx for Methemoglobinemia

Answer 8

IV Methylene blue

Question 9

Hallmark of reversible cellular injury

Answer 9

Cellular swelling

Question 10

Hallmark of irreversible cellular injury

Answer 10

Membrane damage

Question 11

Three membranes that are damaged with irreversible cellular injury

Answer 11

Plasma membrane
Mitochondrial membrane
Lysosome membrane

Question 12

Mitochondrial enzyme which leaks out into the cytosol during cell damage and triggers apoptosis

Answer 12

Cytochrome C

Question 13

True/False:

In general, intracellular Ca2+ is an enzyme activator

Answer 13

True

Question 14

in the Extrinsic receptor-ligand Apoptosis pathway, FAS ligand binds this FAS death receptor

Answer 14

CD95

Question 15

Apoptosis is mediated by caspases which activate ?

Answer 15

proteases and endonucleases

Question 16

During apoptosis Endonucleases break down?

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

During apoptosis Proteases break down?

Answer 17

Cytoskeleton