Histology: Connective tissue 1

Question 1

where is C.T derived from

Answer 1

mesoderm

Question 2

function of C.T

Answer 2

provides support to organs internally and externally

Question 3

primitive mesenchyme

Answer 3

forms mesoderm

- the tissue where all types of c.t are derived from

Question 4

chondroblasts

Answer 4

cartilage

located: resp. tree, nose, ear, joints, b/t bones, rib cage
- acts as template for most of developing bony skeleton
- produces DENSE matrix
function: semi- rigid supporting tissue- provides a degree of flexibility

Question 5

lipoblasts

Answer 5

fat cells

Question 6

fibroblasts

Answer 6

ligaments, tendons, capsules, general supporting tissues

• occurs widely in those supporting tissues = fill spaces
  function: produce collagen and elastin fibres

Question 7

osteoblasts

Answer 7

located: bone
function: support and protection, store of calcium and other ions

Question 8

myoblasts

Answer 8

skeletal muscle

Question 9

reticular cells

Answer 9

type of fibroblast
function: synthesises reticular fibres
- forms the fine structural network of highly cellular organs
e,g, liver, kidney

Question 10

adipose cells

Answer 10

AKA: adipocytes

• assemble and store fat droplets
  function: producing hormones- affect metabolism, fat storage, insulation

Question 11

resident and wandering cells

Answer 11

defence and immune functions

• mast cells: (resident) line airways - exposure to outside environment
• macrophages: (resident)- found in skin, blood, liver
• leukocytes: (wandering)- usually only see in inflammation
• -> neutrophils, eosinophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes (sensitivity reactions)

Question 12

function of C.T

Answer 12

1. structural and metabolic functions- biological packing material b/t tissues (loose C.T)
2. supporting the skin- (dense irregular C.T)
3. supporting the body, organs and allowing movement- bone, cartilage, (dense regular C.T), reticular fibres, elastin fibres
4. storage and insulation- adipose C.T
5. repair- fibroblasts
6. tissue defence- mast cells, leukocytes, macrophages

Question 13

ECM

Answer 13

1. fibres : collagen, elastin, reticulin

2. ground substance: water, dissolved substances and GAG’s

Question 14

collagen

Answer 14

from fibroblasts

• most abundant protein in body
  structure: 3 types primary protein chains- super helix
  strength: high and tensile, stretch by only 15%

Question 15

type 1 collagen

Answer 15

most common

- bones, ligaments, tendons and fascia

Question 16

structure of collagen fibre

Answer 16

fibroblasts –> secrete tropocollagen subunits –> microfibrils –> fibrils –> collagen fibres