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AU17: Perio > Perio Anatomy > Flashcards

Perio Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Cells that form the periodontium originate from the ________ ______.

A

Neural crest

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2
Q

T/F: Periodontal structures rely on epithelial interactions for formation.

A

TRUE

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3
Q

Why don’t you bleed during tooth eruption?

A

No blood supply to epithelium

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4
Q

What part of the tooth germ forms the periodontium?

A

Dental follicle

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5
Q

Describe the formation of cementum.

A

Hertwig’s root sheath is between follicle and dentin -> root sheath gets holes in it (fenestrates) -> amelogenin induces differentiation of follicle to cementoblasts -> cementoid forms and intermingles with dentinal fibers

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6
Q

What types of cells form the PDL?

A

Fibroblasts from dental follicle

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7
Q

What cells form the alveolar bone?

A

Osteoblasts from dental follicle ectomesenchymal cells

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8
Q

What cells remain in the periodontium as stem cells?

A

Ectomesenchymal cells

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9
Q

What are the three parts of the gingiva?

A
  1. Free gingiva
  2. Attached gingiva
  3. Interdental papilla
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10
Q

T/F: Free gingiva is made of keratinized epithelium.

A

TRUE

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11
Q

What is the free gingival groove?

A

Junction between free and attached gingiva (typically at CEJ)

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12
Q

T/F: A visible free gingival groove is a sign of disease.

A

FALSE

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13
Q

T/F: Sulcular epithelium can be regenerated from oral epithelium.

A

TRUE

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14
Q

The _______ ________ provides the first contact between gingiva and the tooth.

A

Junctional epithelium (epithelial cuff)

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15
Q

T/F: The width of attached gingiva increases with age.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

The width of attached gingiva is widest in ________ and narrowest in _________. (Except in mandibular lingual)

A

Incisors; premolars

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17
Q

When can stippling indicate disease?

A

If stippling was observed and is later not seen

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18
Q

Where is there not a mucogingival junction?

A

Palate!!

It is all keratinized tissue

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19
Q

What is the biggest negative of an implant over natural tooth?

A

No PDL

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20
Q

Neural crest cells form _____________ beneath stomadeal epithelium to eventually form the periodontium.

A

Ectomesenchyme

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21
Q

Interactions between which two tissue types are key in perio development?

A

Epithelial-ectomesechyme interactions

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22
Q

The dental papilla gives rise to the __________, while the dental follicle gives rise to the __________.

A

Dentin and pulp; periodontium

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23
Q

____________ induces differentiation of ectomesenchymal cells at the root surface to cementoblasts.

A

Amelogenin

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24
Q

The free gingiva extends from the ___________ to the __________.

A

Free gingival margin; free gingival groove

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25
Q

In a normal patient, the free gingival margin is locate _____ mm coronal to the CEJ.

A

1.5-2 mm

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26
Q

T/F: The free gingival groove is visible in most patients.

A

FALSE

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27
Q

What provides the attachment between the gingiva and the tooth?

A

Junctional epithelium

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28
Q

How does the width of the attached gingiva vary?

A
  1. Increases with age

2. Varies between teeth

29
Q

On the mandibular lingual gingiva where is the attached gingiva widest? Narrowest?

A

Widest: molars
Narrowest: incisors

30
Q

What percentage of adults present with stippling?

A

40%

31
Q

T/F: The mucogingival junction is seen on the maxillary facial and lingual sides.

A

FALSE

No MGJ in the palate

32
Q

What provides the base for movable elements?

A

Attached gingiva

33
Q

The attached gingiva has a thick _________ layer and is firmly bound to the ___________ and ______.

A

Connective tissue; periosteum and bone

34
Q

T/F: Width and thickness of attached gingiva is pivotal for all patients.

A

False.

With great oral hygiene these will not matter

35
Q

The oral epithelium is made of what kind of tissue?

A

Keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium

36
Q

What are the four layers in oral epithelium?

A
  1. Basal layer
  2. Stratum spinosum
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum corneum
37
Q

An ____keratinized cell has no nucleus, but a ____keratinized cell has nuclear remnants.

A

Ortho; para

38
Q

T/F: The number of tonofilaments and desmosomes increases as you go from basal layer to granular layer of oral epithelium.

A

TRUE

39
Q

How much of the oral epithelium is made of keratinocytes?

A

90%

40
Q

What are the clear cells of the oral epithelium?

A
  1. Melanocytes
  2. Langerhans cells
  3. Merkel’s cells
41
Q

T/F: THe basement membrane sits between oral epithelium and connective tissue and is full of glycoproteins.

A

True

42
Q

There are two layers of the basement membrane: the ________ is adjacent to the basal cells and the _______ is adjacent to the connective tissue.

A

Lamina Lucida; lamina densa

43
Q

What are rete pegs?

A

Epithelial ridges that represent the interconnection of connective tissue and epithelium.

NOT seen in JE

44
Q

The junctional epithelium constitutes which part of the biological width?

A

The coronal part

45
Q

T/F: During tooth eruption there is reduced dental epithelium.

A

True

46
Q

How is the JE created after tooth eruption?

A

Cells of oral epithelium differentiate into JE cells

47
Q

T/F: The JE is widest towards the CEJ.

A

FALSE

Wider coronally than apically

48
Q

T/F: The JE has a faster turnover rate than the Oral Epithelium.

A

True

49
Q

How is the JE different than the OE?

A
  1. JE has larger cells
  2. JE has more intracellular space
  3. JE has less desmosomes
  4. JE is not keratinized.. but it has the potential to be
50
Q

T/F: The JE is physically attached to the tooth.

A

True

51
Q

Do most healthy people have a JE at the CEJ?

A

NO

Mostly about 1mm below due to passive eruption

52
Q

As a child will the JE be at the CEJ?

A

NO it will be coronal to the CEJ

53
Q

Will there be pocketing seen in Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis?

A

NO

The JE cells die. If no JE can be no pocket. The bone will be exposed

54
Q

What are the various cells found in the lamina propria?

A
  1. FIbroblasts
  2. Mast cells
  3. Macrophages
  4. Neutrophils
  5. Lymphocytes
  6. Plasma cells
55
Q

What are the four types of fibers found in the lamina propria?

A
  1. Collagen
  2. Reticular
  3. Oxytalan
  4. Elastic
56
Q

The _________ fibers reinforce the gingiva, provide resilience and tone, and maintain architectural form and integrity.

A

Gingival

57
Q

What are the four types of gingival fibers?

A
  1. Circular fibers
  2. Dentogingival fibers
  3. Dentoperiosteal fibers
  4. Transseptal fibers
58
Q

T/F: The PDL is richly vascular and cellular.

A

True

59
Q

The ______ joins the cementum to the alveolar bone.

A

PDL

60
Q

What are the four fibers of the PDL?

A
  1. Alveolar crest fibers
  2. Horizontal fibers
  3. Oblique fibers
  4. Apical fibers
61
Q

The epithelial rests of Mallasez in the PDL are remnants of what structure?

A

Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

62
Q

What differentiates cementum from bone tissue?

A
  1. No blood vessels
  2. No lymph
  3. No nerves
  4. No resorption/remodeling
63
Q

T/F: The cementum has a continuing deposition throughout life.

A

True

64
Q

In the cementum, the ______ fibers are parallel to the root and produced by cementoblasts. The ________ fibers are perpendicular to the root and produced by fibroblasts in the PDL.

A

Intrinsic; extrinsic (Sharpey’s)

65
Q

T/F: Cementum is thicker apically than cervically.

A

True

66
Q

T/F: The cementum continues to get thicker throughout life.

A

True

67
Q

T/F: The alveolar bone is formed completely independent from tooth development.

A

False

Cells from dental follicle also help form alveolar bone

68
Q

Which dental tissue most closely resembles bone?

A

Cementum

69
Q

What four lymph nodes drain the periodontium?

A
  1. Submental nodes
  2. Deep cervical nodes
  3. Submandibular nodes
  4. Jugulodigastric node

AU17: Perio (15 decks)

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