Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Simmons NURP 502 Exam 2 > 6: Heart Failure > Flashcards

6: Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

This is the most common Medicare diagnosis-related group and more money is spent for diagnosis and treatment than any other diagnosis.

A

Heart Failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mortality rates in HF are based upon this study, which is somewhat outdated d/t newer treatments.

A

Framingham Heart Study (1990-1999)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the definition of HF?

A

Clinical syndrome characterized by specific symptoms that results from any cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is HF preferred over CHF?

A

Not all patients have volume overload at the time of diagnosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F There is no single diagnostic test for HF because it is largely a clinical diagnosis that is based on a careful history and physical examination.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A problem with contraction of the heart.

A

Systolic HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A problem with relaxation of the heart.

A

Diastolic HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ejection fraction in systolic HF?

A

EF <50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

SOB/DOE

A

Right

Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Fatigue

A

Right

Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

GI Symptoms

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Epistaxis

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

PND, Orthopnea

A

Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Cough

A

Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Edema

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Ascites

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Elevated JVP

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

+ Hepatojugular Reflex (HJR)

A

Right

19
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Rales/Crackles

A

Left

20
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Tachycardia

A

Left

21
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

S3/S4 Gallop

A

Left

22
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Displaced PMI

A

Left

23
Q

Right- or Left-Sided HF?

Cool Extremities

A

Left

24
Q

Common causes of HF?

A 
HTN
CAD
MI
Valvular Heart Disease
Myocarditis
Arrhythmias
Toxins
25
Q

Modifiable risk factors for HF?

A 
Elevated LDL-C
Cigarette smoking
Hypertension
Low HDL-C (<40 mg/dL)
Metabolic syndrome
26
Q

What are nonmodifiable risk factors for HF?

A

Age/gender (men >45, women >55)
Family history:
CHD in male first-degree relative <55
CHD in female first-degree relative <65

27
Q

Class 1, 2, 3, or 4 of HF?

Patients with no limitation of activities; they suffer no symptoms from ordinary activities.

A

Class 1

28
Q

Class 1, 2, 3, or 4 of HF?

Patients with slight, mild limitation of activity; they are comfortable with rest or with mild exertion.

A

Class 2

29
Q

Class 1, 2, 3, or 4 of HF?

Patients with marked limitation of activity; they are comfortable only at rest.

A

Class 3

30
Q

Class 1, 2, 3, or 4 of HF?
Patients who should be at complete rest, confined to bed or chair; any physical activity brings on discomfort and symptoms occur at rest.

A

Class 4

31
Q

Stage A, B, C, or D of HF?

High risk for developing HF.

A

Stage A

32
Q

Stage A, B, C, or D of HF?

Asymptomatic LV dysfunction.

A

Stage B

33
Q

Stage A, B, C, or D of HF?

Past or current symptoms of HF.

A

Stage C

34
Q

Stage A, B, C, or D of HF?

End-stage HF.

A

Stage D

35
Q

What medications do you assess in HF?

A

Proarrhythmic/QTc prolongation
Cytochrome P450
NSAIDs

36
Q

Which labs are needed in HF?

A 
CBC
CMP + Mg
Fasting BG/A1C
Lipids
TSH
UA/Microalbumin
BNP
37
Q

What additional testing might you consider in HF?

A 
Fasting transferritin
ANA
HIV
Lyme antibody
Cardiac biopsy
38
Q

Which 8 diagnostic tests could be used in HF?

A 
ECT EST
Echo stress
Med stress test (Radionuclide perfusion imaging)
Cardiac Cath
Coronary Calcium
Cardiac CT
Cardiac MRI
Impedance cardiography (noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring)
39
Q

What can be helpful in risk stratifying a patient with possible CAD?

A

Coronary Calcium

40
Q

If avoiding a cardiac cath, what test can be used to look for narrowing of arteries?

A

Cardiac CT

41
Q

Not widely available for use in the clinical setting. Test used mainly for research purposes.

A

Cardiac MRI

42
Q

What test can be used to help assess fluid status when making medication adjustments?

A

Impedance cardiography (noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring)

43
Q

Why is polysomnography considered in HF testing?

A

Sleep testing is used b/c obstructive sleep apnea can both cause and worsen symptoms of HF.

Simmons NURP 502 Exam 2 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions