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Bryx_EST > Data Communication > Flashcards

Data Communication Flashcards

1
Q

The process of transferring digital information (data) between two or more points

A

Data Communications

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2
Q

Defined as information that has been processed

A

Data

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3
Q

It is referring to knowledge or intelligence

A

Information

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4
Q

It a standards body under ITU. It is the primary organization for developing standards on telephone and data communications systems among participating governments

A

Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique or

Consultative Committee on International Telegraphy and Telephony (CCITT)

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5
Q

Group of the CCITT that addresses the regulatory aspects of international communications including telegraph operations, telex service, tariffs, public networks and many aspects o telephony

A

Study Group A

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6
Q

Group of the CCITT that concentrates its efforts on telegraph transmission, equipment specifications and telegraph signaling

A

Study Group B

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7
Q

Group of CCITT that studies international telephone operations

A

Study Group C

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8
Q

Group of CCITT that addresses problems relating to international data transmission service and international data networks

A

Study Group D

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9
Q

A voluntary organization consisting of national standards committees of each member country

A

International Standards Organization (ISO)

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10
Q

A voluntary standards body in the US and is a member of the ISO

A

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

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11
Q

A national trade association which is very influential in developing standards in North American Countries

A

Electronic Industries Association (EIA)

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12
Q

A US professional organization of electrical, electronics and computer engineers

A

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE)

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13
Q

Type of Connection Combination used in data communication system

A

DTE and DCE combination

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14
Q

A general term that describes the interface equipment used at the stations to adapt the digital signals from the computers and terminals to a format more suitable for transmission

A

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)

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15
Q

A terminal that is old form of DTE that was invented to replace the Morse telegrapher

A

Teleprinter

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16
Q

A terminal that is known as video displace terminal (VDT) was developed as an alternative to teleprinter terminals

A

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Terminal

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17
Q

Classifications of CRT terminal that are teletype compatible and offer a limited number of functions

A

Dumb Terminals

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18
Q

Classifications of CRT terminal that offer enhanced functions such as editing and formatted data entry

A

Smart Terminals

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19
Q

Classifications of CRT terminal that feature software support

A

Intelligent or user-programmable terminals

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20
Q

A terminal that replaces most teleprinters and CRT terminals as the terminal of choice as a standard terminal

A

PC Terminal

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21
Q

A general term that describes the equipment that converts digital signals to analog signals and interfaces the data terminal equipment to analog transmission medium

A

Data Communications Equipment (DCE)

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22
Q

A facility that connects two points together

A

Transmission Channel

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23
Q

It identifies how various stations within the network are interconnected

A

Topology

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24
Q

Types of Network Topology

A 
Ring
Mesh
Star
Line
Tree
Bus
Fully Connected
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25
Q

A network topology could be configured for traffic to flow in one direction or in both directions

A

Ring Topology

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26
Q

A network topology that every node in the network is connected to each other by transmission facilities

A

Mesh Topology

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27
Q

A network topology that is very economical when traffic relations are comparatively low but inefficient particularly when traffic intensities grow

A

Star Topology

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28
Q

It is so called the full mesh topology

A

Fully Connected Topology

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29
Q

A network topology that there is a common line to which several nodes can connect

A

Bus Topology

30
Q

A network topology that is an extension of the bus structure with branches

A

Tree Topology

31
Q

Two Configurations of Data Communications Networks

A

Point-to-point

Multipoint

32
Q

A circuit connection considered most elemental in data connectivity

A

Point-to-point

33
Q

A circuit connection that the main station is commonly a CPU and the outstations are workstations

A

Multipoint

34
Q

Four Transmission Modes in Data Communications

A

Simplex
Half-duplex
Full-duplex
Full/Full Duplex

35
Q

Type of data transmission that transmits one way only (unidirectional)

A

Simplex Mode

36
Q

Type of data transmission that transmits in both directions but not simultaneous

A

Half-duplex Mode

37
Q

Type of data transmission that transmits in both directions simultaneously but only between two statios

A

Full-duplex Mode

38
Q

Type of data transmission that transmits in both directions simultaneously between several stations

A

Full/Full-duplex Mode

39
Q

Three types of Switching Concepts

A

Circuit Switching
Message Switching
Packet Switching

40
Q

A type of switching used for making a standard telephone call on the public telephone network

A

Circuit Switching

41
Q

A type of switching that follows “store-and-forward” switching which the data including source and destination identification codes are transmitted into the network and stored in a switch

A

Message Switching

42
Q

A type of switching that follows “hold-and-forward” switching which the data is divided into smaller segments called packets prior to transmission through the network

A

Packet Switching

43
Q

Three common codes used in data communications

A

Baudot Code
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)

44
Q

It is a 5-bit character code used primarily for low-speed teletype equipments

A

Baudot Code

45
Q

This code is adopted in the US in 1963 to standardize data communications code in America. It contains 7 bits in a character equivalent to 128 code combinations

A

ASCII Code

46
Q

This code is the true 8-bit character code developed by IBM

A

EBCDIC Code

47
Q

Two important aspects in data transmission error control

A

Detection

Correction

48
Q

The process of monitoring the received data and determining when a transmission error has occured

A

Error Detection

49
Q

Type of Error Detection Schemes

A 
Redundancy
Exact-Count Encoding
Parity
Vertical Redundancy Checking (VRC)
Horizontal or Longitudinal Redundancy Checking (HRC or LRC)
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
50
Q

It involves transmitting each character twice if the same character is not received twice in succession, a transmission error has occured

A

Redundancy

51
Q

The number of 1’s in each character is the same to determine if a transmission error has occured

A

Exact-Count Encoding

52
Q

The simplest error detection scheme used in data communications systems and is used in both vertical and horizontal redundancy checking

A

Parity

53
Q

Two modes of Parity error detection

A

Odd Parity

Even Parity

54
Q

An error detection scheme that uses parity to determine if a transmission error has occurred within a character (Character Parity)

A

Vertical Redundancy Checking (VRC)

55
Q

An error detection scheme that uses a parity to determine if a transmission error has occurred in a message (Message Parity)

A

Horizontal or Longitudinal Redundancy Checking (HRC or LRC)

56
Q

The most reliable scheme for error detection capable of detecting 99.95% of all transmission errors

A

Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC)

57
Q

Type of Error Correction Schemes

A

Symbol Substitution
Re-transmission
Forward Error Correction (FEC)

58
Q

It is designed to be used in a human environment

A

Symbol Substitution

59
Q

It is often called “ARQ” or automatic request for re-transmission

A

Re-transmission

60
Q

The only error correction scheme that actually detects and corrects transmission errors at the receive end without calling for re-transmission

A

Forward Error Correction

61
Q

A popular FEC code was developed by R. W. Hamming

A

Hamming Code

62
Q

Formula for Hamming Code

A

2ⁿ ≥ m + n +1
n = number of Hamming Bits
m = number of bits in the data character

63
Q

The operation or activity of two or more things at the same time or rate

A

Synchronization

64
Q

Common types of synchronization techniques

A

Bit or Clock Synchronization

Character Synchronization

65
Q

Synchronization that is achieved through a receive clock signal which is coincident with the received serial data stream

A

Bit or Clock Synchronization

66
Q

Synchronization that is accomplished by recognizing one or two phasing characters often called SYN or sync characters

A

Character Synchronization

67
Q

A start-stop transmission that each data is framed between a start and stop bits

A

Asynchronous Transmission

68
Q

Formula for h-factor of an FSK modulator of Asynchronous modem

A 
h= | fₘ - fₛ | / fb
fₘ = mark (logic 1) frequency (Hz)
fₛ = space (logic 0) frequency (Hz)
fb = input bit rate (bps)
69
Q

A unique synchronizing character called the SYN characters is transmistted at the beginning of the message

A

Synchronous Transmission

70
Q

SYN characters are inserted in the transmitted data stream to ensure character synchronization throughout the message

A

Message Synchronization

Bryx_EST (5 decks)

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