6.2-3, 7.1, 7.4 intro to skeletal system

Question 1

7 important functions of bones

Answer 1

anchorage
blood cell formation
hormone production
mineral production
protection
support
triglyceride (fat) storage

Question 2

what minerals do bones store (in matrix)?

Answer 2

calcium and phosphate

Question 3

hematopoiesis

Answer 3

production of blood cells and platelets

Question 4

how is fat stored in bones?

Answer 4

as yellow marrow in cavities of long bones

Question 5

what hormone do bones produce?

Answer 5

osteocalcin

Question 6

osteocalcin

Answer 6

-protein
-increases bone cells
-in pancreas
hormone that helps regulate:
-insulin secretion
-glucose homeostasis (releases extra glucose into cells to carry out respiration)
-energy expenditure

Question 7

skeleton meaning

Answer 7

dried up body
mummy

Question 8

skeleton/skeletal system

Answer 8

composed of:
-bones
-cartilages
-joints
-ligaments
accounts for 20% body mass

Question 9

ligaments

Answer 9

-connect bones
-reinforce joints

Question 10

pectoral girdles attach the

Answer 10

upper limbs to the body trunk

Question 11

the pelvic girdle _ the __

Answer 11

secures, lower limbs

Question 12

matrix

Answer 12

outside surface of bone

Question 13

medullary cavity

Answer 13

inner-bone

Question 14

what is stored in the medullary cavity?

Answer 14

fat (adipose)
minerals

Question 15

what does adipose (fat) do?

Answer 15

-cushions
-insulates
-stores energy
-fuel

Question 16

blood

Answer 16

found in blood vessels
made of plasma and formed elements
-liquid connective tissue

Question 17

formed elements

Answer 17

red bone marrow

Question 18

3 formed elements

Answer 18

1. red blood cells
2. white blood cells
3. platelets

Question 19

red blood cells

Answer 19

erythrocytes
-carry and release oxygen
comes from red bone marrow

Question 20

white blood cells

Answer 20

leukocytes
-fights invasions and infections

Question 21

platelets

Answer 21

not full cells, small pieces of cells
thrombocytes
-forms platelet plugs
-sticks to each other and proteins to fill microtears

Question 22

microtear

Answer 22

small tear in a blood vessel

Question 23

bones tissue type

Answer 23

connective tissue

Question 24

cartilage tissue type

Answer 24

connective tissue

Question 25

tendons

Answer 25

connect muscle to bone

Question 26

tendons tissue type

Answer 26

connective tissue

Question 27

ligaments

Answer 27

connects bone to bone

Question 28

ligaments tissue type

Answer 28

connective tissue

Question 29

arms are known as

Answer 29

upper limbs

Question 30

legs are known as

Answer 30

lower limbs

Question 31

how many bones do adults have?

Answer 31

206

Question 32

how many bones do babies have (range)?

Answer 32

260-300 or more

Question 33

what happens to the bones babies have?

Answer 33

small bones fuse to larger bones