chapter one vocab

Question 1

migration

Answer 1

movement of people for the purpose of settling in a new place

Question 2

kinship

Answer 2

family relationship

Question 3

clan

Answer 3

made up of groups of families who are all descended from a common ancestor

Question 4

oral history

Answer 4

traditions passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth

Question 5

barter

Answer 5

to trade goods or services without money

Question 6

Middle Ages

Answer 6

AD 500 to 1300 known as the medieval period

Question 7

feudalism

Answer 7

political and economic system in medieval Europe, in which lesser lords received lands from powerful lords in exchange for service

Question 8

Crusades

Answer 8

series of military campaigns by European Christians from 1096 to 1219 to win Jerusalem from the Turks

Question 9

middle class

Answer 9

merchants, traders, and artisans between the very wealthy and the poor

Question 10

monarchs

Answer 10

ruler over a state, territory, or kingdom

Question 11

Magna Carta

Answer 11

“Great Charter” that shaped the British law and government and became the foundation for future American ideals of liberty and justice

Question 12

Reformation

Answer 12

revolt against the Catholic Church that began in 1517

Question 13

lineage

Answer 13

kinships who trace a line back to a common ancestor

Question 14

Columbian Exchange

Answer 14

the era of transatlantic trade between Europe, the Americas, and Africa that began after Columbus’s first voyage

Question 15

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 15

Portugal and Spain’s treaty that divided unclaimed land

Question 16

plantations

Answer 16

large farming operations that produced crops for sale

Question 17

cash crop

Answer 17

products of plantations

Question 18

scarce

Answer 18

in short supply

Question 19

colony

Answer 19

area settled by immigrants who continue to be ruled by their parent country

Question 20

hidalgo

Answer 20

young Spanish noble

Question 21

isthmus

Answer 21

narrow strip of land that joins two large land areas

Question 22

conquistadors

Answer 22

Spanish conquerers

Question 23

ecomienda system

Answer 23

Natives were required to farm, ranch, or mine for the well-being individual Spaniards

Question 24

presidios

Answer 24

fort built in Southwest by Spanish

Question 25

Pueblo Revolt of 1680

Answer 25

Revolt by Pueblo people of New Mexico against the Spanish

Question 26

missions

Answer 26

headquarters from which people from another country seek to spread their religion

Question 27

congregaciones

Answer 27

a village in which Native Americans settled, when forced to do so by Spaniards, settlers farmed and worshiped like Catholic Europeans

Question 28

mestizos

Answer 28

a person of mixed Spanish and Native American heritage

Question 29

legislature

Answer 29

a lawmaking assembly

Question 30

joint stock company

Answer 30

funded and run by group of investors who share profits/losses

Question 31

Renaissance

Answer 31

era of increased learning and invention in Europe

Question 32

persecute

Answer 32

to oppress someone because of his/her belief

Question 33

proprietary colony

Answer 33

possesses a governor appointed by the king

Question 34

Puritan

Answer 34

wanted to cleanse England’s Anglican Church

Question 35

Pilgrim

Answer 35

English Separatist

Question 36

privateer

Answer 36

hired by government to attack enemy ships

Question 37

royal colony

Answer 37

granted by king to an individual/group with full governing rights

Question 38

trustees

Answer 38

someone entrusted to look after a business