Chapter 5

Question 1

abdominal quadrants

Answer 1

four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury: the right upper quadrant (RUQ), the left upper quadrant (LUQ), the right lower quadrant (RLQ), and the left lower quadrant (LLQ).

Question 2

anatomical position

Answer 2

the standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. In this position, the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands forward.

Question 3

anatomy

Answer 3

the study of body structure.

Question 4

anterior

Answer 4

the front of the body or body part.

Question 5

bilateral

Answer 5

on both sides.

Question 6

combining form

Answer 6

a word root with an added vowel that can be joined with other words, roots, or suffixes to form a new word; for example, the combining form therm/o added to meter makes the new word thermometer.

Question 7

compound

Answer 7

a word formed from two or more whole words.

Question 8

distal

Answer 8

farther away from the torso.

Question 9

dorsal

Answer 9

referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. A synonym for posterior.

Question 10

Fowler position

Answer 10

a sitting position.

Question 11

inferior

Answer 11

away from the head; usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head (e.g., the lips are _________ to the nose).

Question 12

lateral

Answer 12

to the side, away from the midline of the body.

Question 13

medial

Answer 13

toward the midline of the body.

Question 14

mid-axillary line

Answer 14

(mid-AX-uh-lair-e) a line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle.

Question 15

mid-clavicular line

Answer 15

(mid-clah-VIK-yuh-ler) the line through the center of each clavicle.

Question 16

midline

Answer 16

an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves.

Question 17

palmar

Answer 17

referring to the palm of the hand.

Question 18

patella

Answer 18

(pah-TEL-uh) the kneecap.

Question 19

physiology

Answer 19

the study of body function.

Question 20

plane

Answer 20

a flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object.

Question 21

plantar

Answer 21

referring to the sole of the foot.

Question 22

posterior

Answer 22

the back of the body or body part.

Question 23

prefix

Answer 23

word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify or qualify its meaning.

Question 24

prone

Answer 24

lying face down.

Question 25

proximal

Answer 25

closer to the torso.

Question 26

recovery position

Answer 26

lying on the side. Also called lateral recumbent position.

Question 27

root

Answer 27

foundation of a word that is not a word that can stand on its own, for example, the root cardi, meaning “heart,” in words such as cardiac and cardiology.

Question 28

suffix

Answer 28

word part added to the end of a root or word to complete its meaning; for example, the suffix -itis added to the root laryng forms the word laryngitis.

Question 29

superior

Answer 29

toward the head (e.g., the chest is superior to the abdomen).

Question 30

supine

Answer 30

lying on the back.

Question 31

torso

Answer 31

the trunk of the body; the body without the head and the extremities.

Question 32

unilateral

Answer 32

limited to one side.

Question 33

ventral

Answer 33

referring to the front of the body. A synonym for anterior.