Exam 1--SA Info (Includes Fx & Fx Healing)

Question 1

What 4 categories are important in fracture description

Answer 1

1) location
2) direction
3) Type
4) alignment

Question 2

Which 4 descriptors are included when describing Fx location?

Answer 2

right vs. left
thoracic vs. pelvic limb
which bone
where in bone

Question 3

What are the 3 fx directions?

Answer 3

Transverse
Oblique (short or long)
Spiral

Question 4

What 5 descriptors are ASSUMED with fracture type–if different from these you must specify

Answer 4

1) closed (specify if open)
2) Simple (specify if comminuted or segmental)
3) complete (specify if incomplete)
4) traumatic (vs. pathologic)
4) acute (vs. chronic)

Question 5

The rule for describing fx displacement?

Answer 5

describe the location of the DISTAL fragment in relationship to the proximal fragment

*If >2 pieces; LARGEST distal fragment is used

Question 6

What type of fracture involves the physis?

Answer 6

Slater-Harris

Question 7

What type of Salter-Harris fx is most common? Describe its location

Answer 7

Type 2

Fx extends up through metaphysis

Question 8

Describe a type 3 salter-harris fx

Answer 8

physeal fx that extends through epipyhsis

Question 9

Describe a type 4 salter-harris fx

Answer 9

physeal fx that extends through the metaphysis AND epiphysis

Question 10

Most common location for type 5 salter-harris fx?

Answer 10

Distal ulnar physis

Question 11

What factor differentiates Salter-Harris Fx from Condylar “T” & “Y” fxs?

Answer 11

With T & Y fractures the physes are CLOSED

Question 12

Most common direction for the femur to luxate?

Answer 12

Craniodorsal

Question 13

How does callus size correlate with fx stability?

Answer 13

Fx that are more unstable will have a LARGER callus

Question 14

What are the ABCDS of evaluating fracture healing?

Answer 14

A--alignment & apposition 
B--bone
C--Cartilage 
D--Device
S--Soft tissue

Question 15

What is the most important factor affecting bone healing?

Answer 15

Stability of repair

Question 16

2 most common cause of nonunion?

Answer 16

1) excessive motion–inadequate immobilization at fx site (viable/hypertrophic)
2) compromised blood supply (nonviable–atrophic)

Question 17

Hallmark sign of DJD?

Answer 17

periarticular osteophytes

Question 18

Which disease process is commonly associated with thoracic or abdominal masses?

Answer 18

Hypertrophic osteopathy

Question 19

The anconeal process should be fully united by what age?

Answer 19

5 months

Question 20

Which bone disease causes osteonecrosis of the femoral head in SMALL breeds?

Answer 20

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Unilateral

Question 21

OCD of the stifle in dogs commonly occurs where?

Answer 21

Lateral femoral condyle

Question 22

Most common location for panosteitis to occur?

Answer 22

Proximal ulna

Question 23

Give the vertebral formula for:

1) Dogs & cats
2) Cattle
3) Horses

Answer 23

1) C7-T13-L5-S3
2) C7-T13-L6-S5
3) C7-T18-L6-S5

Question 24

Total number of teeth in the adult dog and cat?

Answer 24

Dog: 42
Cat: 30