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FND III > FND III - Vitals Practical > Flashcards

FND III - Vitals Practical Flashcards

1
Q

When should we assess?

A

At rest for systems screen

Before, during, and after activity (every minute) until it goes down to baseline

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2
Q

What are you assessing?

A

Pulse rate
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate
Body temperature

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3
Q

What are you assessing when you take pulse/heart rate?

A

Rate
Rhythm
Strength

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4
Q

What is normal heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm (SA node)

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5
Q

What is normal rhythm?

A

Regular

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6
Q

What is normal strength?

A

2+

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7
Q

What does pulse rate indicate?

A

Adequate perfusion

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8
Q

What is 3+ heart rate?

A

Strong/bounding

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9
Q

What is 1+ heart rate?

A

Weak/thready

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10
Q

What are other ways to assess perfusion if you can’t find a pulse?

A

Color of skin
Capillary refill
Temperature

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11
Q

What happens if you press too hard on the carotid artery?

A

The pressure may trigger baroreceptors and trick them into thinking the blood pressure is going up. This causes a response to lower the blood pressure and cause a syncopal event.

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12
Q

Where do you take BP for infants?

A

Brachial pulse

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13
Q

Where is the point of maximal impulse?

A

Apex of heart

5th IC space, L midclavicular line

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14
Q

Where is the femoral pulse?

A

Midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis over the inguinal ligament (start at ASIS to palpate)

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15
Q

Where is the carotid pulse?

A

Inferior to angle of mandible

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16
Q

Where is the brachial pulse?

A

Antecubital fossa, medial to biceps tendon

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17
Q

Where is the radial pulse?

A

Base of thumb

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18
Q

What is the most common place to test pulse rate?

A

Carotid or radial

19
Q

Where is the popliteal pulse?

A

Within the popliteal fossa

20
Q

Where is the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

Dorsum of the foot just lateral to the extensor halluces longus tendon

21
Q

Where is the posterior tibialis pulse?

A

Posterior to the medial malleolus

22
Q

What are factors that affect pulse rate?

A 
Pain
Stress
Caffeine
Medications
Low HgB
Dehydration
23
Q

What are some factors that cause error?

A 
Math errors
Wrong location
Using thumb
Altering pressure inappropriately
Cuff placement
24
Q

What is basal heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm (normal)

25
Q

What is bradycardia?

A

< 60 bpm

26
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

> 100 bpm

27
Q

What is pulsus alternans?

A

Alternating strong/weak pulses but still in a regular interval

Indicates compromised stroke volume

28
Q

What is bigeminal pulse?

A

Alternating strong/weak pulses but heart rate is irregular

29
Q

Length of bladder

A

80% circumference of arm

30
Q

Width of bladder

A

40$ circumference of arm

31
Q

How should patient sit to take blood pressure?

A

Sitting, back supported, legs uncrossed

32
Q

What are the Korotkoff sounds?

A 
Phase I: First sounds (SBP)
Phase 2: Murmur/swishing
Phase 3: Crisp and louder
Phase 4: Muffling
Phase 5: Disappear (DBP)
33
Q

What are factors that affect blood pressure?

A 
Position
Stress
Plasma volume
Medications
Disease
34
Q

What is blood pressure

A

the pressure of blood on the walls of the arteries, dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the arterial walls, and volume and viscosity of the blood; the maximum or systolic pressure occurs near the end of the stroke output of the left ventricle, and the minimum or diastolic late in ventricular diastole

35
Q

Weak pulse indicates?

A

Poor perfusion

36
Q

What happens if the bladder is too narrow?

A

High BP

37
Q

What happens if the arm is below heart level?

A

High BP

38
Q

What happens if the arm is above heart level?

A

Low BP

39
Q

What happens if the back is unsupported?

A

High BP

40
Q

What happens if legs are dangling?

A

High BP

41
Q

What happens if there is a slow inflation rate?

A

DBP too high

42
Q

What happens if there is a fast deflation rate?

A

SBP too low

DBP too high

43
Q

What happens if there is a slow deflation rate?

A

DBP too high

FND III (5 decks)

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