Nutrient Digestion 2 Flashcards
WHat enzyme digests fat in small intestine
pancreatic lipase
Are triacylglycerols soluble in water?
no
What does triacyglycerol break into?
Monoglyceride and 2 fatty acids by the enzyme lipase
What is emulsification?
Dividing a large droplet into smaller droplets in order to increase surface area and accessibility to lipase action
Emulsification requires two things, what are they?
Mechanical disruption: by smooth muscle contraction
Emulsifying agent: to prevent small droplets from forming into large droplets again
What is in bile
bile salts and phospholipids and ampiphatic molecules
What are micelles
smaller droplets of emulsion that act liek a “fat taxi” and never enters cells.
Consist of : Bile salts + Phospholipids + Monoglycerides + Fatty acids
They are polar portions on the outside and non polar on the inside
When micelles breakdown, what do they release
small amounts of free fatty acids and monoglycerides that diffuse across plasma membranes
What happens after fatty acids and monoglycerides enter epithelial cells
enters smooth endoplasmic reticulum where they are reformed into triacylglycerols
Triacylglycerols emulsified by?
Amphiphatic protein
chylomicrons are
extracellular fat droplets that also contain phospholipids, cholesterol & fat-soluble vitamins
where do chylomicrons pass by
lacteals between endothelial cells
What are the water soluble vitamins
B group, C and folic acid
How are water soluble vitamins transported?
Passive diffusion or carrier-mediated transport
How does b12 absorb into body
Binds to intrinsic factor in stomach to form complex which is absorbed via specific transport mechanism in distal ileum.
