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Psych 101 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Who created the first psychology lab?

A

Wilhem Wundt

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2
Q

Where was the first psychology lab located?

A

Leipzig, Germany

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3
Q

What did Wundt seek to measure?

A

“Atoms of the mind”

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4
Q

What school of thought did Titchener create?

A

Structuralism

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5
Q

What were some things Titchener did during his studies?

A

Introspection, used introspection reports, relied on “self report”

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6
Q

What school of thought did James study?

A

Functionalism

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7
Q

Who influenced Functionalism?

A

Charles Darwin

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8
Q

Who was the first female APA President?

A

Mary Whiton Calkins

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9
Q

Who did Mary Whiton Calkins study with?

A

William James

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10
Q

Who was the second female APA president?

A

Mary Floy Washburn

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11
Q

Who wrote “The Animal Mind”?

A

Mary Floy Washburn

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12
Q

Who did Mary Floy Washburn study with?

A

Titchener but was barred from experimental psychology organization

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13
Q

Definition of behaviorism

A

Scientific study of observable behavior

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14
Q

When did behaviorism become a major force in psychology?

A

1960’s

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15
Q

Who conducted the Little Albert experiment?

A

John Watson and Rosalie Rayner

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16
Q

Who studied classical conditioning?

A

John B Watson

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17
Q

Who studied operant conditioning?

A

BF skinner

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18
Q

Psychoanalytic theory is also called?

A

Freudian Psychology

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19
Q

What does Freudian psychology focus on?

A

Emphasized ways unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiences affect later behavior

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20
Q

What is humanistic psychology

A

A historically significant perspective that revived interest in the study of mental processes

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21
Q

Who led humanistic psychology?

A

Carl rogers and Abraham Maslow

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22
Q

When did the cognitive revolution begin?

A

1960’s

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23
Q

What is the interdisciplinary field of cognitive psychology?

A

Cognitive neuroscience

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24
Q

What is cognitive neuroscience?

A

Ties the science of the mind and the science of the brain (cognitive psychology and neuroscience)

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25
Q

What is cognitive psychology?

A

Explores ways which information is perceived processed and remembered and to study the cognitive roots of psychological disorders

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26
Q

What is the focus in evolutionary psychology?

A

How the natural selection of traits has promoted survival of our genes

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27
Q

Hindsight bias

A

Overconfidence and our tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate why we cannot rely solely on intuition

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28
Q

Hypothesis

A

Testable prediction

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29
Q

Theory

A

Explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events

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30
Q

What are the sub fields of psychology?

A

Biological, industrial organizational, personality, social, developmental, cognitive, counseling, psychiatrist, counseling, community, clinical

31
Q

Counseling psychology

A

Help people cope with challenges and crisis

32
Q

Clinical psychologist

A

Assesses and treat people with mental, emotional, behavior disorders

33
Q

Psychiatrist

A

As a medical doctor may prescribe medicine and provide psychotherapy

34
Q

Community psychologist

A

Work to create social and physical environments healthy for all

35
Q

Case study

A

An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles

36
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation

37
Q

Survey

A

Descriptive technique for obtaining the self reported attitudes or behaviors of a group (random sampling)

38
Q

Correlation

A

An observation that two traits or attributes are related to each other

39
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

A measure of how closely two factors vary together or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other

40
Q

Positive correlation

A

0-+1.00 direct relationships- things increase and decrease together

41
Q

Negative correlation

A

0–1.00 an inverse relationship one increases other decreases

42
Q

Experimental group

A

Person receives treatment

43
Q

Control group

A

Members do not receive treatment

44
Q

Double blind procedure

A

Participants and administer unaware of treatment

45
Q

Placebo affect

A

Effect involves results caused by expectations alone

46
Q

Independent variable

A

Factor that is manipulated the variable whose effect is being studied

47
Q

Confounding variable

A

Factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect

48
Q

3 places helping with ethics in study’s

A

APA,BPS,universities

49
Q

What are the ethics codes that you must follow when performing a study?

A

Fully debriefing
Keep information confidential
Informed consent
Protect them from harm

50
Q

Consciousness

A

Awareness of self and environment

51
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

Interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with our mental processes

52
Q

Change blindness

A

Failing to notice changes in your environment

53
Q

Inattentional blindness

A

Failure to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

54
Q

Selective attention

A

The focusing on conscious awareness on particular stimulus (multi-tasking)

55
Q

Dual processing

A

The principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks

56
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

The biological clock (deals with temperature and wakefulness)

57
Q

What is REM sleep?

A

Rapid eye movement- deepest sleep- brain energized dream during this stage-90 minutes

58
Q

The order of the sleep cycle waves

A

Beta
Alpha
R.E.M.
NREM-1,2,3

59
Q

Suphrachiasmatic nucleus

A

Suppress the pineal’s glands production of the sleeping hormone melatonin

60
Q

What are the theories of why we sleep

A

Next day problem solving
Protective role
Restoring and repairing, strength numeral connection
Growth hormone

61
Q

insomnia

A

Reoccurring problems falling or staying asleep

62
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Falling asleep at random times suddenly go into R.E.M.

63
Q

Sleep apnea

A

Stopping of breathing while you sleep momentary awakens especially in overweight men

64
Q

Night terrors

A

High arousal and appearance of being terrified target children during first few hours of NREM3

65
Q

Dreams

A

Sequence of images and emotions passing through a sleeping persons mind

66
Q

What do dreams usually incorporate and do we remember them

A

Previous days non sexual experience R.E.M. DREAMS ARE BIZZARE and nah

67
Q

Psychoactive drug

A

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

68
Q

Addiction

A

Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known harmful consequences

69
Q

Nicotine

A

Amphetamine- highly addictive- diminishes appetite, boosts alertness, calms anxiety, smoking correlates with higher depression

70
Q

Cocaine

A

Amphetamine- temporary increased alertness, leads to crash and agitated depression, form consumed is key

71
Q

Methamphetamine

A

Over time reduces dopamine level, stimulates brain cell enhances mood and energy irribality, insomnia, hypertension

72
Q

Ecstasy

A

Short term health risks and long term harm to serotonin producing neuron aka hug drug molly

73
Q

LSD

A

Hallucinogens- users mood and expectations affects how it affects you- europhia detachment from pain

74
Q

Marijuana

A

Contains THC amplifies sensory sensitivity, impairs motor coordination, reaction time disrupts memory

Psych 101 (6 decks)

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