The Gut Microbiota in health and disease Flashcards
What are the different factors that affect gut microbiota
Diet Lifestage Environment Probiotics Antibiotics Prebiotic Faecal transplant Disease
Define dysbiosis
Imbalance of microbiota
How does Irritable bowel disease occur
Results from dysregulated host immune response to gut mircobiota
What happens to the bacterial diversity in patients with IBD
Reduced bacterial diversity
What factors if IBD could affect the microbiota
Antibiotic use Inflammation Diarrohea Hist diet Host genotype
What is the affect of antibiotics on microbiota
Reduces bacterial diversity and
cam increase Enterobacteriacae e as a result of bread spectrum antibiotic use
What affect does an inflamed gut have on microbiota
Reduces bacterial diversity and increase Enterobacteriacae
How does diarrhoea affect microbiota
Decreases transit time therefore alters microbial composition
How does your hosts diet affect microbiota
eating less fibre can change microbiota composition
What are ways to redress the dysbiosis and relive symptoms of IBD
Prebiotics - boost numbers of F.Prausnitizil
Increase enterobacteriacae
Induce more fibre into diet - boosts bacterial diversity
What is probiotics and what is their use
Live microorganism which improve health of the host
What is a prebiotic and its use
A substrate that is selective utilized by host micro-organism giving a health benefit
(basically food for resident bacteria)
What are the different mechanism of probiotics that improve hosts health
- Competition
- Bioconversions (diet)
- Production of vitamins
- Direct antagonism (pathogens)
- Competitive exclusion
- Barrier function
- Reduce inflammation
- Immune stimulation
What is the problems with probiotics
Not all probiotics act in the same way
- different species have different effects
Individual response varies - due to existing variation in microbiota
What is especially important in taking probiotics
Brand of probiotics and the species present
