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GEOL303 > Exam 2 - Plate Tectonics > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Plate Tectonics Flashcards

1
Q

The lithosphere is broken up into _____ , and they move over the ______.

A

plates; asthenosphere

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2
Q

When was Pangea proposed

A

1915

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3
Q

Pangea

A

evidence of plate tectonics

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4
Q

Seafloor spreading

A

evidence of plate tectonics

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5
Q

What causes the breakup or rifting of a continent

A

mid ocean ridges

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6
Q

Mid-ocean ridges

A

asthenosphere moved up through the lithosphere and broke open the land

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7
Q

What is an example of mid ocean ridges

A

Baja California

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8
Q

Ages of the ocean floor

A

evidence for plate tectonics

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9
Q

Where are the youngest sea floors located?

A

top of the mid-ocean ridge

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10
Q

Where are the oldest sea floors located?

A

farthest away from the mid-ocean ridges

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11
Q

What did geologists discover about the mid-ocean ridges?

A

the ridges are symmetrical in ages on the other side

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12
Q

What does symmetrical mid-ocean ridges prove?

A

that at one point there was no ocean, confirming pangea

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13
Q

What occur at plate boundaries?

A

Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, and landslides

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14
Q

How to lithospheric plates move

A

in respect to each other

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15
Q

Where is the pacific plate moving?

A

northwest

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16
Q

3 types of plate boundaries

A

Divergent
Convergent
Transform

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17
Q

Which plate boundary is mostly under the sea

A

divergent

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18
Q

Where are ocean floors manufactured

A

mid-ocean ridges

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19
Q

Where plates collide with another plate, even though it’s happening under the water mostly

A

Convergent

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20
Q

Where are oceanic plates distroyed

A

subduction zones

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21
Q

gravity

A

force for plate motion

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22
Q

Where are slab pulls located

A

at subduction zones

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23
Q

One plate is being pulled into the mantel next to the other plate

A

subduction zones

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24
Q

Ridge push

A

mid ocean ridges

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25
Q

Grave yard for the plates

A

mantle convection

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26
Q

Earthquakes mirror what

A

the plate boundaries (subduction zone)

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27
Q

More earthquakes occur at _____ boundaries than at _____ boundaries

A

convergent; divergent

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28
Q

Why do more earthquakes occur at convergent boundaries?

A

because the crust is on the greater stress

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29
Q

What lines the pacific motions

A

volcanoes

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30
Q

Why don’t many volcanoes occur along the ridges

A

because they are under the sea

31
Q

Fastest moving plates

A

Cocos, Nazca, Pacific

32
Q

Why are fast plates under the sea

A

because they are denser and therefore subduct

33
Q

For the most part, plates move pretty

A

slow

34
Q

The asthenosphere comes up through the lithosphere making what

A

the oceanic lithosphere

35
Q

When 2 plates rift apart, what 2 things occur

A

seafloor spreading and a mountain range under the sea

36
Q

What are 2 types of convergent boundaries

A

subduction zone and continental collision

37
Q

What happens at a subduction zone

A

2 plates collide

38
Q

At a subduction zone, the oceanic plate subducts under what plate

A

continental plate

39
Q

Why can’t the continental plate subduct?

A

because it lacks the density

40
Q

Marks the place where the oceanic plate is going underneath the continental plate

A

trench

41
Q

Why do natural disasters occur at subduction zones

A

because the stress is so great on the crust that the pressure builds up and eventually has to let go

42
Q

Why do we have landslides

A

earthquakes can trigger them

43
Q

Andes are the product of what

A

subduction zone

44
Q

Which continent is controlled by subduction

A

South America

45
Q

What is Mt. Fuji a result of

A

subduction zone

46
Q

What has already happened at a continental collision

A

oceanic plate has already subducted

47
Q

Example of continental collision

A

Himalayan Mountains

48
Q

How were the Himalayan Mountains created

A

India collided with Indochina

49
Q

Why are seashells at the top of the himalayan mountains?

A

because the collision brought things from the bottom of the sea to the top

50
Q

Two belts of convergence

A

Pacific Rim of Fire and Alpine-Himalayan Belt

51
Q

Subduction controls this

A

Pacific rim of fire

52
Q

Controlled by continental collision

A

Alpine-Himalayan Belt

53
Q

Where do we preserve oceanic lithosphere

A

transform boundary

54
Q

Slides in opposite direction

A

transform boundary

55
Q

What does the transform boundary do

A

connect segments of the oceanic ridges everywhere along the earth

56
Q

Tons of earthquakes, no volcanoes

A

Transform boundary

57
Q

Most well known transform boundary

A

San Andreas Fault

58
Q

What plates make up the San Andreas Fault

A

pacific plate and north american plate

59
Q

What will eventually happen to western California

A

move northwards because it is subjecting into the mantle

60
Q

Completely separated from the subduction zone

A

hot spots

61
Q

Rising plume, buoyant, less dense material

A

hot spots

62
Q

What is a supreme example of convection

A

hot spots

63
Q

Hot spot velocity

A

not much, very negligee

64
Q

Hot spot movement

A

the plates where the hot spot is embedded is what moves

65
Q

What moves with the hot spot

A

volcanoes

66
Q

Youngest Volcano

A

hawaii

67
Q

Oldest volcano

A

kauai

68
Q

Most active volcano

A

kilquea

69
Q

Volcanic islands get older in the direction of _____

A

plate motion

70
Q

Job of the pacific plate

A

to move you away to the southwest

71
Q

why is the pacific plate moving

A

because the plate is sub ducting into the mantle

72
Q

Newest island in the chain of island in the future

A

Loihi seamount

73
Q

Where is the loihi seamount located

A

southeast

GEOL303 (5 decks)

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