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Virology > Feline Viruses > Flashcards

Feline Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Feline immuniodeficiency virus (FIV) family

A
  • retroviridae
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2
Q

feline immuniodeficiency virus transmission

A
  • bites from infected cats through saliva
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3
Q

how do queens in acute stage of feline immuniodeficiency virus transmit to young

A
  • through colostrum and milk

- No in utero transmission

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4
Q

3 stages of feline immuniodeficiency virus

A
  • initially temporary enlargement of lymph nodes, fever
  • long subclinical stage
  • progressive deterioration of health
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5
Q

pathogenesis of feline immunodeficiency virus

A
  • carrier to nearby lymph nodes, multiplies in T-lymphocytes and spreads throughout the body
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6
Q

diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency virus

A
  • detection of antibody by ELISA

- 8-12 weeks after infection

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7
Q

what can contribute to false positives of feline immunodeficiency virus

A
  • vaccine
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8
Q

why do some young cats test positive

A
  • because of the maternal antibodies

- should be tested every 60 days until 6 months old

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9
Q

feline leukemia (FeLV) family

A
  • retroviridae
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10
Q

3 types of neoplasia recognized with feline leukemia

A
  • lymphosarcoma
  • myeloproliferative disease
  • fibrosarcoma
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11
Q

2 types of nonneoplastic disease recognized with feline leukemia

A
  • anemia

- immunopathologic disease

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12
Q

lymphosarcoma accounts for what % of all feline tumors

A
  • 30%
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13
Q

4 major forms of lymphosarcoma based on primary tumor

A
  • multicentric (lymphoid system)
  • thymic (mostly kittens in thymus - T-cell)
  • alimentary (older cats - B-Cells)
  • unclassified (uncommon and in nonlymphoid tissue)
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14
Q

features of anemia associated with feline leukemia

A
  • goes to bone marrow
  • large number of neoplastic cells
  • non-regenerative
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15
Q

4 types of anemia recognized with feline leukemia

A
  • erythromyelosis
  • granulocytic leukemia
  • erythroleukemia
  • myelofibrosis
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16
Q

can feline leukemia cause abortions

A
  • yes
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17
Q

envelope antigen of all 3 antigenic types of feline leukemia

A
  • Gp70
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18
Q

when feline leukemia is transforming a cell will make host cell express what viral antigen

A
  • FOCMA
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19
Q

FOCMA is the target of what

A
  • protecting antibodies
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20
Q

prognosis of having antibodies against FOCMA (FeLV)

A
  • good
  • body has seen and responded
  • better prognosis
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21
Q

prognosis of having antibodies against p27 (FeLV)

A
  • bad
  • protein is inside the virium
  • antibodies are causing the immunopahtology
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22
Q

within 6 weeks of infection with Feline leukemia what are the 2 host-virus relationships that develop

A
  • persistent active infection -> death

- self-limiting infection -> hiding

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23
Q

how do you test latent infections of Feline leukemia

A
  • bone marrow culture and cell reactivation
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24
Q

diagnosis of persistently viremic cat infected with feline leukemia confirmed by

A
  • 2 positive test in 12 weeks

- bad prognosis

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25
Q

indirect IF, hardy test for feline leukemia detects

A
  • p27 in cytoplasm

- detects cells associated with secondary viremia

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26
Q

what type of feline leukemia can be transmitted vertically

A
  • nonpathogenic endogenous type
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27
Q

how are most cats infected with feline leukemia

A
  • horizontally through saliva (continuous exposure)
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28
Q

is there a vaccine for feline leukemia

A
  • yes but does not protect all cats
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29
Q

feline sarcoma virus family

A
  • retroviridae
30
Q

how is feline sarcoma virus considered defective

A
  • carrying a v-onc and lacking the env gene
31
Q

what does feline sarcoma virus required to cause disease

A
  • coninfection
32
Q

fibrosarcoma accounts for what % of all feline tumors

A
  • 6-12%
33
Q

rare occasion of feline sarcoma virus in kittens -

A
  • produce multifocal subcutaneous fibrosarcomas

- anaplastic and metastasic

34
Q

feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) family

A
  • coronaviridae
35
Q

what is FIP a mutation of

A
  • feline enteric coronavirus (FeCoV) within host

- antibodies of FeCoV does not mean FIP will develop

36
Q

2 forms of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)

A
  • effusive (wet)

- non-effusive (dry) - uveitis

37
Q

mutated virus of FeCoV has the ability to invade and grow in

A
  • macrophages

- no shedding

38
Q

is humoral immunity protective against feline infectious peritonitis

A
  • no -> may be fatal
39
Q

gross lesions of feline infectious peritonitis

A
  • multiple greyish nodules
40
Q

features of effusion fluid in FIP

A
  • high protein
  • low cellularity
  • no bacteria
41
Q

diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis

A
  • no definitive test -> diagnosed by exclusion
  • blood work will show hyperglobulinemia
  • coronavirus antibodies -> but doesn’t mean you have the mutation
42
Q

abdominal or chest fluid from a patient suspected of having FIP can be tested by

A
  • Rivalta test
43
Q

treatment of feline infectious peritonitis

A
  • treat symptoms

- can benefit from cytotoxic drugs

44
Q

feline panleukopenia virus family

A
  • parvoviridae
45
Q

feline panleukopenia virus also known as

A
  • feline distemper
46
Q

replication of feline panleukopenia virus occurs in

A
  • nucleus of dividing cells in S phase
47
Q

cerebellar hypoplasia occurs with what virus

A
  • feline panleukopenia virus in kittens infected from 2 weeks before to 2 weeks after birth
48
Q

why is leukopenia common in feline panleukopenia virus

A
  • involvement of lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and platelets
  • continuous cell division of lymphoid tissues
49
Q

pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus

A
  • initial viral replication occurs in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
  • spread to other tissues via blood stream
  • cells in S phase are infected and killed
50
Q

gross and microscopic lesions of feline panleukopenia virus

A
  • enteritis for several days before death

- lesions characterized by segmental thickening and necrosis

51
Q

diagnosis of feline panleukopenia virus

A
  • clinical signs, hematological findings (leukopenia)
52
Q

post-mortem exam of feline panleukopenia virus confirmed by

A
  • HI
  • virus isolation in cell cultures
  • PCR to detect virus DNA in tissues
  • antigen-capture enzyme immunoassay or immunofluoresence
53
Q

transmission of feline panleukopenia virus

A
  • highly contagious
  • direct contact
  • fomites
  • fleas and humans can be mechanical vectors
54
Q

does feline panleukopenia virus have a vaccine

A
  • yes (core vaccination)
55
Q

disinfection of feline panleukopenia virus

A
  • 1:32 dilution of sodium hypochlorite
56
Q

feline rhinotracheitis virus family

A
  • herpesviridae
57
Q

feline rhinotracheitis virus is a disease of the

A
  • upper respiratory tract
58
Q

feline rhinotracheitis virus has similar presentation as what other virus

A
  • feline calicivirus
59
Q

does feline rhinotracheitis virus cause abortion

A
  • pregnant queens may abort
60
Q

diagnosis of feline rhinotracheitis virus

A
  • if it responds to L-lysine (amino acid)
61
Q

keratitis associated with punctuate corneal ulcers is a common finding in what virus

A
  • feline rhinotracheitis virus
62
Q

treatment of feline rhinotracheitis virus

A
  • symptomatic

- L-lysine to alleviate and prevent episodes

63
Q

does feline rhinotracheitis virus have a vaccine

A
  • yes

- lessens disease but does not prevent infection

64
Q

protection against feline rhinotracheitis virus is based on (3)

A
  • humoral
  • cell mediated
  • local antibody
65
Q

feline calicivirus (FCV) family

A
  • caliciviridae
66
Q

disease of feline calicivirus

A
  • rare unless stressed
67
Q

feline calicivirus can cause disease of what

A
  • acute or subacute disease of upper respiratory tract
68
Q

are corneal ulcers seen with feline calicivirus

A
  • no

- only ulceration of oral epithelium

69
Q

what happens after recovery from feline calicivirus

A
  • carrier state -> continuously shed from tonsils
70
Q

does feline calicivirus have a vaccine

A
  • yes (core vaccination)
71
Q

highly pathogenic strain of calicivirus features

A
  • occurs mainly in shelters
  • high mortality
  • pancreatic, hepatic and splenic necrosis
72
Q

feline calicivirus distribution in the world

A
  • worldwide

- almost all cats infected by age of 1

Virology (8 decks)

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