Ankle + Foot Diagnosis, MET, and ART

Question 1

The plantar aponeurosis (abductor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis IV and V), long plantar ligament, and short plantar ligament + phalanges are associated with which arch of the foot?

Answer 1

Longitudinal arch

Question 2

The planatar aponeurosis, tibialis posterior tendon, peroneus longus tendon, and adductor hallucis oblique head are associated with which arch of the foot?

Answer 2

Transverse

Question 3

Body weight is transmitted to the lateral longitudinal arch through the _______, although this bone is not part of the arch itself

Answer 3

Talus

Question 4

What joint is associated with the lateral malleolus?

Answer 4

Distal tibiofibular joint

Question 5

Diagnosing the distal tibiofibular joint

Answer 5

Use pincer grasp to lateral malleolus and assess anterior vs. posterior glide

An anterior lateral malleolus favors anterior motion and vice versa

Question 6

Articular tx position for distal fibula anterior

Answer 6

Engage posterior RB and articulate

Question 7

Major and minor motions at tibiotalar joint

Answer 7

Major: dorsiflexion, plantar flexion

Minor: posterior glide (with dorsiflexion), anterior glide (with plantar flexion)

Question 8

Major and minor motions at subtalar joint

Answer 8

Major: eversion and inversion

Minor: anteromedial glide (with eversion), posterolateral glide (with inversion)

Question 9

Dx: Right talus eversion with anteromedial glide

Articulatory with Traction tx

Answer 9

Apply traction and articulate inversion and eversion with figure-8 motion

[same tx for right talus inversion with posterolateral glide]

Question 10

When diagnosing the tarsal bones, what is the most likely motion preference at the cuboid?

Answer 10

Eversion glide w/ plantar glide

Question 11

When diagnosing the tarsal bones, what is the most likely motion preference at the navicular?

Answer 11

Inversion glide w/ plantar glide

Question 12

When diagnosing the tarsal bones, what is the most likely motion preference at the cuneiforms?

Answer 12

Plantar glide only

Question 13

Commonly, the SD present at cuneiforms 1-3 is plantar glide SD. What would a dorsal glide SD suggest?

Answer 13

Hypertonic plantar fascia

Question 14

Bones of medial longitudinal arch

Answer 14

Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular
Cuneiforms 1-3
Metatarsals 1-3

Question 15

Lateral longitudinal arch bones

Answer 15

Calcaneus
Talus
Cuboid
4-5 metatarsals

Question 16

Bones of transverse tarsal arch

Answer 16

Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiforms 1-3
Proximal metatarsals

Question 17

Bones of metatarsal arch

Answer 17

Distal metatarsal heads

Question 18

What structures are implicated in high ankle sprains and are evaluated with the squeeze test?

Answer 18

IO membrane

ATF ligament

Question 19

Positive eversion talar tilt indicates injury to what ligament?

Answer 19

Deltoid

Question 20

Positive inversion talar tilt indicates injury at what ligament?

Answer 20

Calcaneofibular

Question 21

What ankle/foot structure is evaluated with the Thompson test

Answer 21

Achilles tendon

Question 22

Anterior tibia on talus

What is another name for this SD?

What is the freedom of motion vs. restriction?

Answer 22

Plantarflexed talus

Ankle prefers plantar flexion and anterior glide

Tibia is restricted in gliding posteriorly on the talus [due to changes in distal tibia mechanics]

Question 23

Posterior tibia on talus

What is another name for this SD?

What is freedom of motion vs. restriction?

Answer 23

Dorsiflexed talus

Ankle prefers dorsiflexion and posterior glide

Tibia is restricted in gliding anteriorly on the talus [due to changs in distal tibia mechanics]

Question 24

Anterior lateral malleolus

What is freedom of motion vs. restriction to motion for this SD?

Answer 24

Lateral malleolus has free anterior glide relative to distal tibia [distal medial border of talus is more prominent]

Restriction: lateral malleolus restricted in posterior glide