4.1 Geology In The UK Flashcards
Give a definition of igneous rock.
1) The worlds oldest rocks
2) Formed from lavas and deep magmas
3) They were once molten, then cooled and crystallised
4) Most igneous rocks are resistant to erosion
5) example: giant causeway
How old is igneous rock?
The earths oldest rocks.
Give 3 examples of igneous rock
Andesite, basalt and pumice
What is the location of igneous rock in the UK?
North west
What is the definition of sedimentary rock?
Formed from sediment eroded and deposited by river, the sea or on the sea bed. Some of them are resistant (limestone) while others crumble easily (shale)
How old is sedimentary rock?
Around 200 million years ago
Where in the UK is sedimentary rock?
East and southern UK
Name 3 examples of sedimentary rock.
Sandstone, shale, limestone
Compare metamorphic and igneous rock.
1) igneous rock is the oldest rock however metamorphic is only around 500 million years old.
2) A lot of metamorphic rock is found in Scotland whereas igneous is more north England
How is granite formed?
It forms from the slow crystallisation of magma below the earths surface
How is carboniferous limestone formed?
It was formed in warm, shallow tropical seas teeming with life.
How was chalk formed?
It was formed under water by slow accumulation and compression of the calcite shells of single-celled.
How have glacial erosion and deposition shaped the UK uplands?
Glaciers freeze over night, and in the morning when they melt and move on it pulls away rock with it. This happens over and over and in the end a lot of rock has gone. This is freeze thaw weathering
