Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 3 > Renal Pharm - Diuretics > Flashcards

Renal Pharm - Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Found in saliva

A

Cations and IgG

(along with proteins, urea, ammonia, enzymes, etc).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do diuretics alter saliva?

A

1) They decrease the salivary flow rate (cause xerostomia).
2) Alter pH and buffering capacity.
3) Alter Na and Cl concentrations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do Thiazide diuretics inhibit?

A

Na-Cl symporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do loop diuretics inhibit?

A

Na-K-2Cl symporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An increase in the formation of urine.

A

Diuresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Effect of potassium-sparing diuretics.

A

Decrease the secretion of potassium, so they’re not good for sinus rhythm of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do people take diuretics?

A

To increase the excretion of water, thus lowering BP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Side effect of diuretics

A

Orthostatic hypotension due to decreased blood volume.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

These cells are found in the ascending limb and sense how much Sodium is in the blood.
If there’s too much Na, Na is excreted from the body.

A

Macula Densa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A loop diuretic that inhibits Na-K-2Cl symporter.

A

Furosemide (Lasix)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

As you go through the loop of Henle and the nephron, less _______ is being reabsorbed into the blood.

A

Sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A potassium-sparing diuretic.

A

Spironolactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

An aldosterone antagonist.

A

Spironolactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Most of the Na gets actively reabsorbed where in the nephron?

A

Proximal Tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Loop of Henle actively transport?

A

Cotransports Na, K, and 2 Cl.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does Aldosterone work?

A

Acts on the distal tubule to increase Na reabsorption, which increases BP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

K+ is excreted in this part of the nephron.

A

Distal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where is potassium reabsorbed and excreted?

A

Reabsorbed in the proximal tubule.

Excreted in the distal tubule.

19
Q

What does potassium secretion in the distal tubule depend on?

A

(1) The volume of filtrate
(2) The amount of Na that’s reabsorbed
(3) Aldosterone

20
Q

The distal tubule has what mechanism for K excretion?

A

Na/K antiporter

21
Q

How do diuretics work?

A

Inhibit Na+ reabsorption, so both Na+ and water are excreted into the urine.

22
Q

Site of action of diuretics.

A

Luminal surface of the kidney! IMPORTANT

23
Q

Site of action of thiazides.

A

Distal convoluted tubule

24
Q

Which limb of the Loop of Henle does Furosemide (Lasix) act?

A

ASCENDING limb

25
Q

What are Thiazide direutics used to treat?

A

Swelling in the peripheral appendages.

26
Q

A risk factor of taking Spironolactone.

A

Hyperkalemia where there’s too much K+ in the blood because it’s a K+ channel blocker and Aldosterone inhibitor.
This can also cause arrhythmias bc there’s too much K+ in going to the heart.
Can go into cardiac arrest.

27
Q

Major diuretic effects of Thiazides

A

1) Increased Na, Cl, and K excretion.
2) HYPOKALEMIA
3) Inhibits Na reabsorption

28
Q

Minor diuretic effects of Thiazides

A

1) Increased bicarbonate excretion, so urinary pH INCREASES.
2) Decreased Calcium excretion, so can be used to treat hypercalciURIA.
3) Inhibits uric acid excretion
4) Hyperglycemia

29
Q

Describe the dose-response curve of Thiazides.

A

Becomes flat, so they lose the amt of effectiveness after a certain dose is reached.

30
Q

Side effect of loop diuretics

A

Hearing impairment (red text)

31
Q

Action of Furosemide

A

Inhibits the reabsorption of Na, Cl, K, Mg, and Ca.

32
Q

Dose response curve of loop diuretics.

A

STEEP!

33
Q

Therapeutic uses of loop diuretics.

A 
Pulmonary edema and CHF
Edema
Hypertension
Hyperkalemia
Acute renal failure
34
Q

What does Spironolactone inhibit?

A

Aldosterone

35
Q

What kind of diuretic is Spironolactone?

A

K-sparing

36
Q

Role of cardiac glycosides

A

Eliminate K

37
Q

Role of NSAID’s in BP

A

Increase BP

38
Q

Effect of diuretics on Lithium

A

Na gets excreted while Li gets reabsorbed. Can be toxic.

39
Q

A potassium sparing diuretic.

A

Spironolactone

So it inhibits the reabsorption of Na, but prevents the excretion of K.

40
Q

The function of this diuretic depends on the presence of Aldosterone

A

Spironolactone

41
Q

Two types of Potassium-sparing diuretics.

A

1) Spironolactone

2) Triamterene

42
Q

Side Effects of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

A

HYPERkalemia

43
Q

Why should you be cautious when taking Lithium and diuretics together?

A

Since Na is excreted when taking a diuretic, the body reabsorbs more Lithium, leading to toxicity.

Exam 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions