2-3 McNaughton

Question 1

Alemtuzumab

Answer 1

Fully humanised monoclonal antibody to control inflammation
Targets CD52 - B and T cell destruction
Binds B cells and mark for destruction by cell based immunity
Used in B cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Auto immune - target T cell markers
Acquired immunity is reset

Question 2

Aspirin

Answer 2

Non-selective COX inhibitor
NSAID - irreversible inactivation
Donate acetyl group to serine near COX active site
Effective in low doses at preventing platelet aggregation
Removes pro-coagulatory effect of TXA2 secreted by platelets
Can cause salicylate poisoning, Reyes syndrome

Question 3

Azathioprine

Answer 3

Inhibit immune cell proliferation
Inhibit synthesis of guanine, and DNA synthesis
Limited to B and T cells, as others have salvage pathways

Question 4

Celecoxib

Answer 4

COX-2 selective NSAID
Too bulky to enter COX-1 channel
Do not inhibit prostanoid synthesis

Question 5

Cimetidine

Answer 5

H2 selective antagonist
Treat gastric ulceration
Reduces gastric acid secretion

Question 6

Clarithromycin

Answer 6

Antibiotic to treat Helicobacter Pylori

Question 7

Cyclosporin

Answer 7

Calcineurin inhibitors, inhibit T cell proliferation
Inhibit early activation
Inhibit secretion of IL2

Question 8

Dexamethasone

Answer 8

Long acting >48hrs clinically used corticosteroid

Question 9

Dimenhydrinate

Answer 9

H1 antagonist
Limited use as antihistamine
CNS side effects - used to treat motion sickness

Question 10

Ibuprofen

Answer 10

Reversible NSAID
Non-selective
Compete with arachidonic acid for binding COX enzymes

Question 11

Infliximab

Answer 11

Monoclonal antibody to control inflammation
Targets (bind and sequesters) TNFa
Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohns disease

Question 12

Ipratropium

Answer 12

Muscarinic antagonist

Asthma and respiratory diseases

Question 13

Loratidine

Answer 13

3rd generation antihistamine (H1 antagonists)

Few CNS affects and no affect on heart

Question 14

Methotrexate

Answer 14

Disease modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs
Inhibits folate biosynthesis, thymidine availability and DNA replication
Antiproliferative
used in cancer chemotherapy

Question 15

Metoclopramide

Answer 15

D2 antagonist

anti-emetic

Question 16

Mycophenolate

Answer 16

Autoimmune/prevent organ rejection
Inhibit immune cell proliferation
inhibit synthesis of guanosine and therefore inhibit DNA synthesis
The effect is limited to B, T cell proliferation
because other cells possess an alternative salvage pathway for guanosine synthesis

Question 17

Omalizumab

Answer 17

Monoclonal targeting IgE

IgE mediated asthma

Question 18

Omeprazole

Answer 18

Proton pump inhibitor

Reduce gastric acid secretion

Question 19

Ondansetron

Answer 19

5-HT3 antagonist

anti-emetic

Question 20

Paracetamol

Answer 20

Non-selective COX inhibitor
May act on COX-3 - CNS specific cyclo-oxygenase
Little anti-inflammatory effect

Question 21

Prednisolone

Answer 21

Short acting (<24hrs) corticosteroid
Prednisone is precursor

Question 22

Ranitidine

Answer 22

H2 selective antagonist
Treat gastric ulceration
Reduces gastric acid secretion

Question 23

Scopolamine

Answer 23

Muscarinic antagonist

Anti-emetic

Question 24

Sirolimus

Answer 24

Autoimmune disease and prevent organ rejection
mTOR inhibitor (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor
Blocks late activation of T and B cells

Question 25

Sulfasalazine

Answer 25

Interfere with lymphocyte behaviour

Treat rheumatoid arthritis

Question 26

Sumatriptan

Answer 26

5-HT1D agonist
Suppress migraine
NSAID (triptan)
Terminate an attack

Question 27

Tacrolimus

Answer 27

Autoimmune/prevent organ rejection
Calcineurin inhibitor - prevent T cell proliferation
Inhibit secretion of IL2

Question 28

Zafirlukast

Answer 28

Maintenance treatment of asthma
specific cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists
D4 and E4 receptor antagonist

Question 29

Zileuton

Answer 29

Maintenance treatment of asthma
Inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase
Inhibit synthesis of leukotrienes