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Adult Health II - (Josh) COPY > T1 - Skin Assessment (Josh) > Flashcards

T1 - Skin Assessment (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest organ of the body?

A

skin

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2
Q

The skin is a site of metabolic activity. What does it do?

A

activates Vitamin D

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3
Q

Which layer of skin is the site of Vit D activation?

A

epidermis

***doesn’t have own blood supply

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4
Q

What is the main component of dermal tissue?

A

collagen

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5
Q

Which layer of skin contains capillaries, lymph vessels, and sensory nerves?

A

dermis

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6
Q

What are the pigment-producing cells of the skin called?

A

melanocytes

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7
Q

What are the 3 layers of skin?

A

Epidermis (outer)

Dermis (middle)

Subcutaneous (inner)

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8
Q

What are the 3 layers of the Epidermis?

A

Stratum Coreum (outer)

Stratum Granulosum (middle)

Basal Layer (inner)

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9
Q

What is the time frame for epidermis regeneration?

A

28-45 days

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10
Q

Which layer of skin is made up of fat, smooth and areolar tissue?

What is purpose of this layer?

A

Subq layer

  • heat insulator
  • shock absorber
  • nutritional deposits
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11
Q

What are the main 2 components of the dermis?

A

Collage

Elastic Fibers

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12
Q

Dermis:

Collagen is produced by — cells

A

fibroblast

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13
Q

What all is contained in the Dermis?

A

Blood Vessels

Sweat and Sebaceaous Glands

Hair Follicles

Nerves to skin

Sensory fibers

Capillaries

Mast Cells (secretion, phagocytosis, production of fibroblasts)

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14
Q

Which layer of skin contains the Mast Cells?

A

Dermis

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15
Q

Name this skin layer:

  • Vitamin D is regulated
  • Temperature regulation
  • Transmits sensations
  • Homeostasis
A

Epidermis

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16
Q

Skin Cells:

— provide skin color

— help regenerate skin

A

melanocyts

keratinocytes

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17
Q

Nail Anatomy:

Where is keratin produced and new growth of a nail begins?

A

Lunula (white part of cuticle)

18
Q

What is purpose of sebaceous glands?

A

sebum provides lubrication and waterproofing of skin

19
Q

What are the 2 types of Sweat Glands?

A

Eccrine (over entire skin surface)

Apocrine (axillae, nipple areolae, periumbilicus, perineal areas)
***causes odor

20
Q

What are some health problems we should assess for that can cause skin damage?

A

Liver problems (jaundice)

Kidney problems

Diabetes

COPD

21
Q

What is the the rubric for assessing skin lesions (moles)?

A

ABCDE

A - assymetry of shape
B - border irregularity
C - color variation within one lesion
D - diameter greater than 6 mm
E - evolving or changin features
22
Q

When we inspect skin, what signs are we looking for?

A

Edema
Moisture
Vascular Changes

23
Q

What are some age-related changes we should look for in skin assessment?

A

Senile (cherry) agniomas

Xerosis

Wrinkles (due to less collagen)

Paper-thin, transparent skin (due to less subq tissue)

Actinic Lentigo (liver spots)

24
Q

What is Petechiae a sign of?

A

increased capillary fragility and venous stasis

25
Q

Lesions (Moles):

A — is a flat rash.

A — is a raised rash

A

Macular

Papular

26
Q

How do we assess skin temp?

A

with back of hand

27
Q

What is Paronychia?

A

swelling around the nail bed

28
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What does KOH Test assess for?

A

Fungal Infections

***KOH stands for Potassium Hydroxide

29
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What is benefit of KOH test?

A

can be done quickly in physician’s office

***doesn’t identify specific fungus, but just if it is fungal or not

30
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What does C and S Test assess for?

A

Bacterial Infections

***requires unroofing (get underneath top)

31
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

Which test assess for Viral Infections on skin?

A

Tzanck Smear

***they will do a gram stain

32
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

Which test allows examination of pigment changes in light-skinned patients?

A

Wood’s Light Examination

33
Q

Skin Biopsy:

What are the different types of skin biopsy?

A

Excisional

Incisional

Shave

Punch

34
Q

Skin Biopsy:

Which type is it when the lesion is removed with margin of normal skin down to adipose tissue?

A

Excisional

35
Q

Skin Biopsy:

Which type is it when there is a cross-section wedge of tissue through center of lesion?

A

Incisional

36
Q

Skin Biopsy:

Which type is it where there is a horizontal shave of the skin lesion with only superficial portion of dermis?

A

Shave

37
Q

Skin Biopsy:

Which type is used to sample possible cancers, tumors, or inflammatory skin conditions?

A

Punch

38
Q

Which ethnic group has the highest incidence of melanoma?

A

White

39
Q

Evaporation of water contained in the sweat from ECCRINE glands can cause the body to lose — of fluid in a day.

A

10-12 L

40
Q

Untreated dandruff can lead to — —

A

hair loss

Adult Health II - (Josh) COPY (13 decks)

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