20- Airway Defense Flashcards
1
Q
Factors that protect airway and lungs from harmful effects of pollutants
A
AIRWAY DEFENSES
- epithelium
- mucus
- angulation of airways
- mucociliary clearance
- surfactant
ALVEOULUS DEFENSES
- sufactant
- opsonins
- complement
- alveolar macrophages
- neutrophils
2
Q
How different airway receptors contribute to lung defense
A
Nasal receptors
-sneeze
epipharyngeal receptors
-aspiration reflex
pharyngeal receptors
-swallowing
laryngeal receptors
- cough
- apnea
slowly adapting receptors
- hering-breuer inflation/deflation reflex
- bronchodilation
- tachycardia
rapidly adapting receptors
- hering-breuer deflation reflex
- COUGH
- bronchoconstriction
- mucus secretion
c fiber endings
- pulmonary chemoreflex
- rapid shallow breathing
- bronchoconstriction
- mucus secretion
- bradycardia
- hypotension
3
Q
specific reflexes
A
nasal- sneeze to clear the nasal passages
epipharyngeal- rapid inhalations to clear back of mouth
pharygeal- initiate swallows
laryngeal- initiate apnea and or coughs
slowly adapting stretch receptors terminate inspiration
rapidly adapting stretch receptors initiate cough
C-fiber endings initiate rapid shallowing breathing
