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Crops > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Agricultural operations can cause modifications to the C Horizon

A

False

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2
Q

Soils in wet tropical regions tend to have high organic matter and distinct profiles

A

False

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3
Q

Weathered rock can be a source of essential minerals for plants

A

True

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4
Q

Plants with low C:N ratios decay rapidly

A

True

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5
Q

Sawdust added to the soil can cause nitrogen deficiency

A

True

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6
Q

Organic matter has a positive charge

A

False

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7
Q

Higher earthworm populations are achieved in conventional tillage in comparison to no-till

A

False

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8
Q

Plants infected with mycorrhizal fungi can absorb phosphorus better than noninflected plants

A

True

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9
Q

Productive soils are densely packed

A

False

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10
Q

A plant will extract water at field capacity until it reaches the permanent wilting point

A

True

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11
Q

Sandy soils darin at a faster rate than clay soils

A

True

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12
Q

Soils that are fertile and hold nutrients will have a low cation exchange capacity

A

False

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13
Q

The pH of a soil is important because it influences the availability of plant nutrients

A

True

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14
Q

Most crops grow well in soils with high salinity

A

False

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15
Q

Crop yields will increase indefinitely in response to increasing fertilizer

A

False

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16
Q

Synthetic fertilizers are used to provide organic matter to the soil

A

False

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17
Q

Geologic erosion occurs at a faster rate than soil formation

A

False

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18
Q

Erosion can leave behind less fertile subsoils

A

True

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19
Q 
How thick does the soil layer tend to be in agricultural regions? 
       A. 3 to 4 inches 
       B. 4 to 12 inches 
       C. 3 to 4 feet 
       D. 4 to 12 feet
A

C. 3 to 4 feet

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20
Q 
A vertical section through the soil extending from the surface to the unweathered rock is best described as the: 
       A. Crust
       B. Horizon 
       C. Profile 
       D.Core
A

C. Profile

21
Q 
The topsoil is also known as the: 
       A. A horizon 
       B. B horizon 
       C. C horizon 
       D. O horizon
A

A. A horizon

22
Q 
The subsoil is also known as the: 
       A. A horizon 
       B. B horizon 
       C. C horizon 
       D. O horizon
A

B. B horizon

23
Q 
Which horizon has the highest amount of organic matter? 
       A. A horizon 
       B. B horizon 
       C. C horizon 
       D. O horizon
A

D. O horizon

24
Q 
Which of the following is one of the most important soils in agriculture production? 
       A. Aridisol 
       B. Mollisol 
       C. Gelisol 
       D. Spodosol
A

B. Mollisol

25
Q 
Which is the predominant parent material for soils? 
       A. Igneous Rock 
       B. Sedimentary rock 
       C. Soil aggregation 
       D. soil texture
A

D. Soil texture

26
Q 
The fineness or coarseness of a soil is called: 
       A. Soil field capacity 
       B. Soil structure 
       C. Soil aggregation 
       D. Soil texture
A

D. Soil Texture

27
Q 
Sand and silt are chemicals composed mostly of: 
       A. Silica 
       B. Potassium 
       C. Aluminum 
       D. Magnesium
A

A. Silica

28
Q 
Which soil particle contributes most to pant nutrition?
       A. Sand 
       B. Silt 
       C. Clay 
       D.  Silica
A

C. Clay

29
Q 
The clustering of soil particles into various shapes is called: 
       A. Soils Field capacity 
       B. Soil structure 
       C. Soil Salinity 
       D. Soil Texture
A

B. Soil Structure

30
Q 
The pH range that most field crops grow best at is: 
       A. 4-5 
       B. 5-6
       C. 6-7
       D. 7-8
A

C. 6-7

31
Q 
Which of the following is an index that rates the soils for intensive agriculture production on a 0 to 100-value scale?  
       A. Crop Agriculture Index 
       B. Crop Productivity Index
       C. Crop Parameter Index
       D. Crop Suitability Index
A

B. Crop Productivity Index

32
Q 
One distinction between organic and inorganic fertilizers is that organic fertilizers contain: 
       A. Carbon 
       B. Nitrogen 
       C. Potassium 
       D. Lime
A

A. Carbon

33
Q 
Which of the following fertilizer nutrients is NOT obtain for mining? 
       A. Phosphorus
       B. Nitrogen 
       C. Potassium 
       D. Lime
A

B. Nitrogen

34
Q 
Limestone is applied to soil to: 
       A. Increase organic matter 
       B. Add potassium 
       C. Add phosphorus 
       D. Increase soil pH
A

D. Increase soil pH

35
Q

The biochemically weathered uppermost portion of Earth’s crust is called _______

A

Parent Material

36
Q

The layers seen within a soil profile are called ______

A

Horizons

37
Q

The number of elements essential for plant growth is _______

A

17

38
Q

_________, ___________, and _________ are three essential elements that plants can obtain from the air

A

Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen

39
Q

___________ is the portion of the soils that includes animal and plant residues

A

Organic matter

40
Q

The soil water that drains through the soils within 48 hours of irrigation or rainfall is called ____________

A

Gravitational Water

41
Q

The soil water content after drainage of gravitational water is called __________

A

Field Capacity

42
Q

The three soils particles are _______, ________ and ________

A

Sand, Silt and Clay

43
Q

The property too having beneficial qualities relating to crop plant growth is soil ________

A

Tilth

44
Q

The concentration of hydrogen ions in a soil is the ______

A

Soil Reaction (pH)

45
Q

The three terms used to describe soils salinity are ______, ________ and ________

A

saline, sadoic, and saline-sodic

46
Q

A material applied to the soil to promote plant growth is called a ________

A

Fertilizer

47
Q

Plants that are grown and plower under while green in order to provide organic mater and nutrients to the soils are known as ________

A

Green Manure

48
Q

Commercial nitrogen fertilizers are made through the _________ process

A

Habor-Bosch

49
Q

Erosion is the accelerated loss of soils through the action of ________ or _______

A

Wind or Water

Crops (14 decks)

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