Ch 8 Transcription and Translation Flashcards
*Where does Transcription occur?
Nucleus
What is the product of Transcription?
mRNA from DNA
What does mRNA do after it is created?
Exits nucleus through pores to bind with ribosomes
*Where does Translation occur?
Cytoplasm
What are genes made up of?
DNA sequences
What Pyridines does mRNA have?
Cytosine
Uracil
*What is a codon?
Sequence of a specific 3 nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code
What is a gene?
Template for mRNA
What does RNA polymerase do?
Makes complimentary RNA to DNA
How many strand(s) participate in transcription? What (is it) (are they) called?
1 strand
Template strand
What do tRNA’s do?
Transfer amino acids
What proteins start transcription?
Transcription Factors (TF’s) RNA polymerase can’t start without them
What is the name for the strand that undergoes transcription?
Template strand
What is the name for the strand that does NOT undergo transcription?
Message strand
How do you differentiate the RNA strand from the Message strand of DNA?
Replace all the T’s with U’s
How is RNA synthesized?
5’ Prime to 3’ Prime
How many phases does Transcription have? What are they?
3 Phases
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
What happens in initiation of Transcription (1st step)?
RNA polymerase binds to promoter and unwinds DNA
What happens in Elongation of Transcription? (2nd step)?
RNA polymerase separates 2 strands and figures out which strand will be the template strand
What happens in Termination or Transcription (3rd step)?
RNA transcript is freed from template
Transcription finishes
What determines which DNA strand will be the template?
Promoter called the “TATA Box”
They have a rich A - T sequence
-EVERY GENE HAS PROMOTERS