Lecture 2

Question 1

Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Answer 1

Transfer of information from genetic code to proteins

Question 2

Ribosome

Answer 2

A molecular machine or enzyme that translates messenger RNA instructions to protein
in the rough ER

Question 3

mRNA

Answer 3

messenger RNA codes for protein and is produced in the cell nucleus

Question 4

spliceosome

Answer 4

a molecular machine or enzyme that removes non-coding RNA and splice together protein coding, RNA instructions to form mRNA

Question 5

molecular machine

Answer 5

a collection of proteins that aggregate or exist as an aggregate and performs a cellular function

Question 6

radius of a eukaryotic cell nucleus

Answer 6

3 micrometers

Question 7

length of DNA

Answer 7

~2 meters

Question 8

number of chromosome sets

Answer 8

23 sets

Question 9

diameter of double helix

Answer 9

~2 nm

Question 10

exons

Answer 10

code for proteins

Question 11

introns

Answer 11

don’t code for protein ‘junk DNA’

Question 12

dsDNA

Answer 12

double stranded DNA

Question 13

ssDNA

Answer 13

single stranded DNA

Question 14

base pair length (end to end)

Answer 14

~1.1nm

Question 15

RNA Polymerase replication rate

Answer 15

1 - 5 kbases / min

Question 16

DNA Base A

Answer 16

adenine

Question 17

DNA Base G

Answer 17

guanine

Question 18

DNA Base T

Answer 18

thymine

Question 19

DNA Base C

Answer 19

cytosine

Question 20

DNA Base U

Answer 20

uracil (used in RNA)

Question 21

Nuclear Pore Complex

Answer 21

a molecular machine that serves a sentry for what enters and leaves the nucleus, Interrogation Friend or Foe (IFF)

Question 22

Describe the Flow of Information (Central Dogma)

Answer 22

1. reception of cellular signal
2. signal transduction
3. gene transcription factors (enter nucleus)
4. transcription of genetic code (DNA to mRNA)
5. ribosomal translation from mRNA to amino acids to protein