Water and Salt Balance Flashcards
How does the body gain water?
The body gains water via ingestion and internal production,
how does the body lose water.
and it loses water via urine, the gastrointestinal tract, and evaporation from the skin and respiratory tract (as insensible loss and sweat).
How does the body gain sodium and chloride?
The body gains sodium and chloride by ingestion and loses them via the skin (in sweat), gastrointestinal tract, and urine.
III.
What is major homestestatic control for water and sodium?
For both water and sodium, the major homeostatic control point for maintaining stable balance is renal excretion.
What is filterable at the glomerulus?
I. Sodium is freely filterable at the glomerulus,
What is dependentt upon the NA K ATPase pumps in the basolateral membrane of the tubular epithelium
resorption of sodium
and its reabsorption is a primary active process dependent upon Na,K-ATPase pumps in the basolateral membranes of the tubular epithelium. Sodium is not secreted.
What is a primary active process?
and its reabsorption is a primary active process dependent upon Na,K-ATPase pumps in the basolateral membranes of the tubular epithelium. Sodium is not secreted.
Where are the Na K ATPase pumps
and its reabsorption is a primary active process dependent upon Na,K-ATPase pumps in the basolateral membranes of the tubular epithelium. Sodium is not secreted.
is sodium entry into the cell from the tubular lumen passive or active?
II. Sodium entry into the cell from the tubular lumen is always passive. Depending on the tubular segment, it is either through channels or by cotransport or countertransport with other substances.
Where does sodium enter from into the cell?
II. Sodium entry into the cell from the tubular lumen is always passive. Depending on the tubular segment, it is either through channels or by cotransport or countertransport with other substances.
what does sodium reabsorption create?
III. Sodium reabsorption creates an osmotic difference across the tubule, which drives water reabsorption, largely through water channels (aquaporins).
what is water reabsorption dependent on ?
IV. Water reabsorption is independent of the posterior pituitary hormone vasopressin until the collecting- duct system, where vasopressin increases water permeability.
What drives water reabsorption ?
III. Sodium reabsorption creates an osmotic difference across the tubule, which drives water reabsorption, largely through water channels (aquaporins).
What is produced when vasopressin concentration is low?
A large volume of dilute urine is produced when plasma vasopressin concentration, and hence water reabsorption by the collecting ducts, is low.
What is produced and by what when plasma vasopressin concentration is high?
A small volume of concentrated urine is produced by the renal countercurrent multiplier system when plasma vasopressin concentration is high.