Beowulf Flashcards

1
Q

From whom is Grendel a descendant?

A

Cane

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2
Q

Where does Beowulf come from?

A

Geats

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3
Q

In addition to the word monster, what two nouns are used to identify Grendel?

A

Demon fiend devil

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4
Q

What is the only course of action that allows the Danes of herot to survive Grendel’s attacks?

A

Fled and stayed deserted and they slept elsewhere.

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5
Q

How many years did Grendel terrorize the Danes?

A

12 winters/years

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6
Q

What three qualities does Beowulf display in battle?

A

Courage strength leadership

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7
Q

From whose “high favor” does Beowulf gain his superior fighting ability?

A

God.

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8
Q

Why does Beowulf decide not to use weapons when he is planning to fight with Grendel?

A

He wants a fair fight.

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9
Q

During the battle, why do the weapons of the other Geats prove ineffective?

A

Grendel cast a spell that blunted every mortal man’s blade.

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10
Q

How does Beowulf succeed in mortally wording Grendel?

A

He broke a bone in his shoulder and tore off his arms.

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11
Q

Three qualities the early Anglo/Saxons admired.

A
Faith
Fair play
Courage
Strength
Confidence
Determination
Loyalty
Strong-minded
Bold
Leader
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12
Q

What Anglo-Saxon belief is illustrated by the reference to Grendel in lines 309-311?

A

Wyrd

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13
Q

What does wryd mean?

A

Fate

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14
Q

Two reasons does Grendel’s mother attack the Danes.

A

Avenge only son’s death.

Greed

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15
Q

According to the Anglo-Saxons what is better than mourning a friend’s death?

A

Avenging their death.

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16
Q

What two requests does Beowulf make of Hrothgar before entering the lake?

A

Be the father and protector of who he leaves behind.

Send the precious gifts he gave to him to Higlac.

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17
Q

What things protect Beowulf in his battle this time?

A
Hrothgar's helmet
Woven mail shirt
Shining woven metal
God
Unferth's Sword
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18
Q

What weapon does Beowulf use to kill Grendel’s mother?

A

A heavy sword, hammered by giants, strong and blessed with the magic of giants.

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19
Q

What does Beowulf bring him when he leaves the lake? What does he leave behind in the lake? Why?

A

Took Grendel’s head and hilt of the giants’ jeweled sword, treasures. Hall was full

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20
Q

What causes the fire-breathing dragon to attack the Geats?

A

Geat steals treasure which is a silver cup (chalice)

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21
Q

At the time of the attack, how long had Beowulf ruled peacefully?

A

50 years

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22
Q

Who is the only Geat to help Beowulf fight the dragon?

A

Wiglaf, Wextan’s son

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23
Q

What is the outcome of the battle?

A

Wiglaf and Beowulf kill dragon but Beowulf gets mortally injured by poisonous dragon bite

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24
Q

What does Beowulf tell the Geats to do with the dragon’s treasure? What do they actually do?

A

Build a tower and give treasure to people.

Burned kings body and buried the treasure with him.

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25
Q

What was the reason for Beowulf wanting the Geats to build a high tower at the waters edge?

A

Everyone would see it and know of it and of his name

Remembrance lighthouse

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26
Q

What opinion of Beowulf does the Geats express in the final lines of the poem?

A

Honor, praise and admiration

No better king ever lived.

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27
Q

Qualities valued by Anglo/Saxons does Wiglaf display?

A

Courage, loyal, trustworthy, good fighter, doesn’t give up, strength

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28
Q

What does the term flew to glory?

A

His soul left his body and he is now honored for his lifestyle of winning battles and went to heaven.

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29
Q

Hrothgar

A

King of the Danes and builder of the great hall of herot

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30
Q

Welthow

A

Hrothgar’s wife and queen

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31
Q

Esher

A

Hrothgar’s closest friend and adviser

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32
Q

Unferth

A

One of hrothgar’s courtiers and his chief spokesman.

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33
Q

Beowulf

A

Nephew of higlac king of the Geats

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34
Q

Wiglaf

A

Beowulf kinsmen

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35
Q

Who does Grendel’s mother kill?

A

One of Beowulf’s friends

Esher

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36
Q

Who were the first inhabitants of the island Britain?

A

Briton and Picts

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37
Q

Who were the Briton?

A

Celts of Briton

38
Q

Gaels

A

Called island Eireland.

39
Q

Who was Julius Caesar?

A

Roman general who wrote commentaries.

40
Q

What did the Romans call the island? Why?

A

Britain. After one of the tribes.

41
Q

What was the name of their capital on the island?

A

Londinoum.

42
Q

Why did the romans leave?

A

To defend Rome

43
Q

When did Rome fall?

A

476 A. D.

44
Q

Who was saint Patrick and what did he do?

A

A romanized Celt of Britain who brought Christianity to the Gaels of Ireland.

45
Q

Who was King Arthur and what did he attempt to do?

A

Christian King of Britain who attempted to push of Saxon forces.

46
Q

In Ireland, the monks wrote a bible manuscript called?

A

Book of Kells

47
Q

Where did the Invaders come from?

A

Came across the sea, Northern Europe; Germany and Scandinavia

48
Q

What kind of dialect did the 3 invaders speak?

A

Germanic dialect

Angleland- England
Anglish- English

49
Q

Where did the 3 invader tribes push the 3 tribes?

A

Wales, Ireland, and Scotland.

50
Q

In addition to their infantry skills, what were the anglosaxons?

A

Seafaring warriors.

51
Q

After they invaded, their tribes often…

A

Fought among themselves.

52
Q

The Anglo Saxons believed in…

A

Fate

53
Q

What is fate

A

A bleak outlook on life

54
Q

What is the Anglo-Saxon word for fate?

A

Wyrd.

55
Q

What took over after a period of time and the separate kingdoms were united?

A

Agriculture.

56
Q

Who were the Anglo-Saxons Christianized by?

A

St. Augustine and st. Bede

57
Q

Who was st. Augustine

A

Began an early monastery at Canterbury.

58
Q

Who was St. Bede?

A

Wrote the Ecclesiastical History of the English People which influenced both religion and history.

59
Q

Who were the new invaders in 800 A.D.?

A

Danes, Vikings, Norsemen, and Northmen.

60
Q

Who was the Anglo-Saxon king that fought off the new invaders?

A

Alfred the Great

61
Q

Which capital became a center for Anglo-Saxon learning?

A

Exeter

62
Q

Who memorized oral literature and passed it down from generation to generation?

A

Scops

63
Q

A long narrative poem that recounts in stately language the life of a hero

A

Epic poetry

64
Q

What is the earliest story/ poem in the English language?

A

Beowulf

65
Q

A shorter poem which expressed thoughts and feelings rather than an epic story.

A

Lyric poem

66
Q

Early lyric poetry was often about what?

A

Religious in nature or about tribal histories and sometimes unrequited love.

67
Q

Who wrote manuscripts of the scops oral stories?

A

Scribes

Usually monks

68
Q

Who is the first English poet that we know by name?

A

Caedmon

69
Q

A manuscript in which monks preserved Anglo Saxon poetry.

A

Exeter book

70
Q

A yearly record of old English history written in poetry and prose which was written for centuries until the Norman invasion of 1066 AD?

A

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

71
Q

Name Beowulf in old English means.

A

Bear

72
Q

Where is the original Beowulf manuscript located?

A

British museum in London.

73
Q

What did the Anglo-Saxons call the ocean

A

Whale road

Sea road

74
Q

Med

A

Fermented honey, water and spices, only think safe to drink.

75
Q

When did the treasure of Sutton Hoo excavation take place?

A

Spring 1939

76
Q

When was the most recent excavation of Anglo Saxon treasure?

A

2009

77
Q

What kind of style is Beowulf written in?

A

Epic formal style

78
Q

What could it been accompanied by?

A

Sung by scops,

Sometimes accompanied by a lyre.

79
Q

Germanic interpretation of sun’s day

A

Sunday

80
Q

Old English interpretation named after Norse personification of the moon

A

Monday

81
Q

Old English Norse god of dueling

One handed

A

Tuesday.

82
Q

Wōdens day

Named after often ruler of gods realm, roman connected Woden to mercury

A

Wednesday

83
Q

Thor’s day

Norse god of thunder and lightning

A

Thursday

84
Q

Freya
Wife of oden
Goddess of love beauty fertility

A

Friday

85
Q

Saturns day

A

Saturday

86
Q

What happened at the last excavation at Sutton boo?

A

Blest Anglo-Saxon treasure. The Stanford Shire Terry Herbert.

87
Q

Where was the first excavation held?

A
  1. East coast of England in the area once known as east Arglia.
88
Q

What happened in august 1939 with a. Coroners jury.

A

Called upon to decide the legal statues of the Sutton hoo. Finds.

89
Q

What was the determining factor?

A

In Beowulf whether or not the person wanted it to be discovered or left alone.

90
Q

Geoffrey Chaucer

A

Born in London England. Son of wealth merchant.
Fluent in many languages and was a translator.
Not a professional writer. Wrote in spare time(avocation)
Died in 1400 and was buried in poets corner in Westminster abbey.

91
Q

Loyalty in Beowulf

A

Loyalty to lord expected of Anglo Saxons.
Beowulf loyal to higlac
Wiglaf loyal to Beowulf.