Intermolecular forces and colligitive properties

Question 1

intermolecular bonds are weaker than

Answer 1

covalent

Question 2

dipole-dipole forces

Answer 2

attractive force between 2 polar molecules

Question 3

dipole-dipole forces increase as

Answer 3

dipole of molecules increase

Question 4

hydrogen bonding

Answer 4

very strong dipole-dipole interaction, occurs when H is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom

Question 5

hydrogen bonding occurs between H and _____

Answer 5

O, F, N

Question 6

the more hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, ________

Answer 6

the higher the difference in properties

Question 7

Ion-dipole forces

Answer 7

an ion interacts with a polar molecule (ex:water)

Question 8

dispersion forces

Answer 8

caused by induced dipole when electrons from other molecules repel each other

Question 9

what molecules posses dispersion forces

Answer 9

all of them

Question 10

polarizability

Answer 10

ability to “move” outer electrons

Question 11

polarizability trends

Answer 11

increases going down a group (column)

Question 12

Van der Waals Forces

Answer 12

term for all intermollecular forces

Question 13

rank intermollecular forces from weakest to strongest

Answer 13

dispersion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding

Question 14

strength of dispersion forces is related to

Answer 14

molecular weight (low = less)

Question 15

solutions

Answer 15

homogeneous mixtures of 2 or more substances

Question 16

in a solution, the ____ is dispersed evenly throughout the ____

Answer 16

solute, solvent

Question 17

charge of ΔH for separation of solute particles

Answer 17

+ (endothermic)

Question 18

charge of ΔH for the separation of solvent particles

Answer 18

+ (endothermic)

Question 19

charge of ΔH for the new interactions between solvent and solute

Answer 19

• (exothermic)

Question 20

charge of ΔS for formation of solution

Answer 20

+

Question 21

saturated solution

Answer 21

the solvent holds as much solute as possible at that temp

Question 22

unsaturated solution

Answer 22

less solute than can dissolve in the solvent at that temp

Question 23

supersaturated solution

Answer 23

the solvent holds more solute than is normally possible at that temp

Question 24

polar substances tend to dissolve in

Answer 24

polar substances

Question 25

adding nonpolar chains (CH groups) increases _____

Answer 25

solubility in nonpolar solvent

Question 26

if a molecule has an OH it is ____

Answer 26

polar

Question 27

colligative properties depend on

Answer 27

only the number of solute particles

Question 28

solutions of electrolytes should show ______ changes than those of nonelectrolytes

Answer 28

greater

Question 29

how is vapor pressure effected by adding solute

Answer 29

higher concentrations of nonvolatile solutes make it harder to escape to the vapor phase, lowering vapor pressure

Question 30

how is boiling point effected by adding solute

Answer 30

increase boiling point

Question 31

how is freezing point affected by adding solute

Answer 31

lowers freezing point

Question 32

ΔT is ____ to find new boiling point and ____ to find new freezing point

Answer 32

added, subtracted

Question 33

nonelectrolytes

Answer 33

organic molecules

Question 34

osmosis

Answer 34

a net movement of solvent from a high area of high solvent concentration (low solute) to low solvent concentration (high solute)

Question 35

osmotic pressure

Answer 35

pressure required to stop osmosis

Question 36

colloids

Answer 36

suspensions of particles larger than individual ions, but too small to be settled out by gravity