Ionic Compounds

Question 1

What is ionic bonding ?

Answer 1

Electrons are transferred from one atom to another to gain the nearest noble gas electronic configuration. This will result in charged ions which form strong intramolecular forced of attraction.

Question 2

What happens to metals during ionic bonding ?

Answer 2

Loose electrons to form positive ions.

Question 3

What happens to non-metals during ionic bonding ?

Answer 3

Gain electrons to form negative atoms.

Question 4

Which groups of atoms don’t form ionic compounds ?

Answer 4

4 and 8/0

Question 5

What is a giant ionic crystal lattice ?

Answer 5

Oppositely charged ions can be held in a regular 3D ladfive by strong forces of electrostatic attraction.

Question 6

What affects the arrangements or ions in a giant ionic crystal lattice ?

Answer 6

The relative sizes of the ions.

Question 7

What does the relative sizes of the ions in a regular ionic crystal lattice affect ?

Answer 7

The arrangement of the ions

Question 8

How do the sizes of the ions in NaCl affect it’s arrangement ?

Answer 8

In sodium chloride the Na+ ions are small enough to allow the large Cl- ions to fit on the same plane.

Question 9

What are the properties of ionic compounds ?

Answer 9

High melting point, high boiling point, brittle, soluble in water, conducts electricity when Milton or dissolved in water, doesn’t conduct electricity when solid.

Question 10

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points ?

Answer 10

They have strong forced of electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions which are hard to break.

Question 11

Why are ionic compounds brittle.

Answer 11

When the lattice is hit, the layers of ions are shifted so ions of the same charge then repel eachother and break the lattice.

Question 12

Why are ionic compounds soluble in water?

Answer 12

Water is a polar solvent and therefore stabilises individual ions.

Question 13

In what type of substances are ionic compounds soluble ?

Answer 13

Insoluble in non-polar

Soluble in polar

Question 14

Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity when they’re solid ?

Answer 14

Because ions are bonded strongly and are not free to move so they can’t carry current.

Question 15

When can ionic compounds conduct electricity and why ?

Answer 15

When they are molton / liquid or dissolved in water because the ions are free to move and conduct electricity.

Question 16

Use kinetic theory to describe the changes that take place when calcium is heated from 25 degrees Celsius to a temperature above its melting point.

Answer 16

The vibrations increase as room temperature increases until the vibrations are so violent that the ions break free at melting point.