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bitch a$$ english > nervous system part 2 bitch > Flashcards

nervous system part 2 bitch Flashcards

1
Q

4 major parts of the brain

A

brain stem, diencephalon, cerebellum, cerebrum

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2
Q

midbrain

A

auditory/visual reflex

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3
Q

pons

A

respiration center/connects motor between cerebellum and the cerebrum

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4
Q

medula oblingada

A

vital centers: respiratory/cardiac

nonvital: coughing/sneezing/etc

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5
Q

diencephalon

A

middle of the brain

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6
Q

thalmus

A

relays sensory input to cerebral (afferent)
part of limbic system
motor connections between cerebral cortex and cerebellum
diencephalon

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7
Q

hypothalmus

A

want center (thirst/hunger/temp)
diencephalon
pituitary gland

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8
Q

pineal gland

A

secretes melatonin/ keeps sleep cycles

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9
Q

cerebellum

A

balance/ coordination (motor)

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10
Q

cerebrum

A

largest part of the brain

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11
Q

frontal lobe

A

last part to develop
executive thinking (logic)
personality
somatic motor

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12
Q

paritail

A

somatic sensory (pain/temp/touch)

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13
Q

occipital lobe

A

vision

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14
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing/smell

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15
Q

limbic system

A

emotion

fight or flight

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16
Q

corpus callosum

A

connects right and left hemispheres of the brain

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17
Q

association tract

A

connect gyri on the same hemisphere

connects paritail and occipital lobes

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18
Q

commissural tract

A

connect gyri with diff hemispheres

corpus callosum

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19
Q

projection tracts

A

connects different major parts of the brain

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20
Q

spinal chord

A

serves as a connection between the PNS and the brain
controls simple reflexes
made of tracts (white matter)
and grey matter

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21
Q

brocas

A

spoken (left for 97%)

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22
Q

pyramidal system

A

voluntary motor tracts from the cerebrum to the spinal chord

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23
Q

extrapyramidal system

A

involuntary motor tracts from the cerebral nuclei,brainstem, and cerebellum to the spinal chord

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24
Q

brain tract

A

bundle of axons in the cns

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25
Q

ascending tracts

A

sensory/ afferent
carries impulses for touch pressure pain temperature, spacial awareness
first, second, third order neurons

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26
Q

first order neuron

A

posterior root

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27
Q

second order neuron

A

soma in the gray matter of the spinal chord

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28
Q

third order neuron

A

opposite hemisphere of the cerebrum. soma in the thalamus and ends in the cerebral cortex

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29
Q

descending tracts

A

motor (efferent)
carry the impulses (voluntary/involuntary) from the cerebral cortex to the skeletal muscles
made of upper and lower order neurons

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30
Q

reflex arc

A

simplest part of the nervous system capable of detecting and responding to the stimulus

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31
Q

receptor

A

detects change

sends up to first order neuron

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32
Q

afferent neuron

A

conducts impulse to cns

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33
Q

efferent neuron

A

conducts impulse to effector (lower motor neuron)

34
Q

effector

A

muscle or gland that initiate response

35
Q

posterior root

A

sensory

36
Q

anterior root

A

motor

37
Q

somatic reflex

A

controls skeletal muscles

38
Q

visceral

A

control activity of smooth and cardiac muscles

39
Q

monosynaptic

A

oen synapse

40
Q

polysynaptic

A

many synapses

41
Q

ipsilateral

A

can be by itself

stimulis/response occurring on the same side

42
Q

contralateral

A

cannot happen alone

response occurs on the opposite side of the stimulus

43
Q

cranial

A

controlled by the brain

44
Q

spinal

A

controlled by the spinal chord

45
Q

the blood-brain barrier

A

help prevent passage of toxins from the blood into the brain

46
Q

cerebrospinal fluid (csf)

A

maintain metabolism/ bring nutrients to the brain

constantly being drained and filled

47
Q

what protective membrane surround the brain and spinal chord

A

dura matter, arachnid, pia matter

48
Q

what bones protect the brain and spinal chord

A

skull=brain

vertebrate= spinal chord

49
Q

proprioceptors

A

in muscles/tendons

50
Q

exteroceptors

A

at or near anterior body surfaces (sensations)

51
Q

interoceptors

A

with the body (organs)

52
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

touch/pressure stim

53
Q

chemoreceptors

A

chemical stim

54
Q

thermoreceptors

A

temperature stim

55
Q

photoreceptors

A

light stim

56
Q

nociceptors

A

pain stim

57
Q

tonic receptors

A

adapt slow and always active

amplitude dependent

58
Q

phasic receptors

A

adapt quickly and are only active when there is a change in the conditions that they monitor

59
Q

generator potential

A

impulse in receptor cell

60
Q

receptor potential

A

release of neurotransmitters–>impulse to another cell

61
Q

law of adequate stimulus

A

the receptor that responds best to the stimulus

62
Q

receptor fields are…

A

inversely proportional

63
Q

tactile receptors

A

outside of the body

64
Q

barorceptors

A

free nerve endings, inside

65
Q

olfactory cranial nerve

A

sensory, smell

66
Q

optic

A

sensory, sight

67
Q

oculomotor

A

motor, control of eye movement and focusing

68
Q

trochlear

A

motor, control of eye movement

69
Q

trigeminal

A

mixed, sensory of face, chewing

70
Q

adbucens

A

motor, eye movement

71
Q

facial

A

mixed, facial movement and taste

72
Q

vestibulocochlear

A

sensory, hearing and balance

73
Q

glossopharyngeal

A

mixed, taste

74
Q

vagus

A

mixed, taste

75
Q

accessory

A

motor, swallowing and head movements

76
Q

hypoglossal

A

motor, speech, swallowing, chewing

77
Q

plexus

A

collection of spinal nerves

78
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight or flight

79
Q

parasympathetic

A

rest and digest

80
Q

excite

A

ramp up

81
Q

inhibit

A

keep it where it should be

bitch a$$ english (26 decks)

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